Haberciliğin Odak Noktası Yapıcı Gazetecilik ile Değişiyor mu?

Year 2022, Issue: 8, 248 - 267, 28.06.2022

Emrah Budak

Abstract

Haber üretim sürecinde genellikle olumsuz gelişmelerin haber değeri gördüğü kanısı geçmişten bu yana yaygın bir dille aktarılmaktadır. Haber bültenlerinde olumsuzlukların, şaşkınlık uyandıran gelişmelerin, savaş ve ölümlerin yoğun olarak sunulduğu bilinmektedir. Habercilik alanına olumsuz gelişmelerin hâkim olması haber tüketicilerini de olumsuz etkileyebilmekte, bireylerin dünyanın tasavvuru hakkında umutsuz bir bakış açısına sahip olmasına yol açabilmektedir. Haber ekosisteminde yer alan olumsuzluğun tolere edilmesi için pozitif psikoloji tekniklerinin yardımıyla ortaya çıkan yapıcı gazetecilik ise haberde olumlu gelişmeler ve çözümlerin de yer aldığı bir anlayışı temsil etmektedir. Bu çalışmada küresel alanda yaygınlaşmaya başlayan yapıcı gazeteciliğin ne olduğuna, nasıl icra edildiğine, habercilik alanına getirdiği farklılıklara, pozitif psikoloji ile ilişkisine ve küresel alandaki örneklerine değinilmektedir. Alanyazın taraması ile ele alınan çalışmada yapıcı gazeteciliğin çözüm ve gelecek odaklı, dünyayı ve yaşananları tüm yönleriyle aktaran, habere okuru da dahil ederek toplumu olumlu yönde harekete geçirmeye ikna eden bir nitelikte olduğu düşünülmektedir. Yapıcı gazeteciliğin özellikle Avrupa ve ABD’de hem akademik hem de pratik anlamda yaygınlaştığı saptanmakta, Türkiye’de ise ufak tefek haberler dışında herhangi bir haber kuruluşunun yapıcı gazetecilik için özel bir adım atmadığı görülmektedir. Ayrıca yapıcı gazeteciliğin, haberciliğin odak noktasını kökten değiştirebilecek bir gelişme olmadığı, geleneksel rutini tamamlayan bir yaklaşım olduğu saptanmaktadır

Keywords

yapıcı gazetecilik, olumlu haber, çözüm gazeteciliği, pozitif psikoloji

Is the Focus of Journalism Changing with Constructive Journalism?

Abstract

The belief that negative developments are generally newsworthy in the news production process has been widely conveyed since the past. It is known that negativities, surprising developments, wars and deaths are intensely presented in the news bulletins. The dominance of negative developments in the field of journalism can also negatively affect news consumers, causing individuals to have a hopeless perspective on the world's vision. Constructive journalism that emerges with the help of positive psychology techniques to tolerate the negativity in the news ecosystem, represents an understanding that includes positive developments and solutions in the news. In this study, it is mentioned what constructive journalism is, how it is carried out, the differences it brings to the field of journalism, its relationship with positive psychology and examples in the global field. In the study, which is handled through literature review, it is thought that constructive journalism is solution and future-oriented, conveys the world and events in all aspects, and persuades the society to take positive action by including the reader in the news. It has been determined that constructive journalism has become widespread both academically and practically, especially in Europe and the USA. In Turkey, on the other hand, it is seen that no news organization has taken a special attempt for constructive journalism, except for minor news. In addition, it is determined that constructive

journalism is not a development that can radically change the focus of journalism, but an approach that completes the traditional journalism.

Keywords

constructive journalism, positive news, solutions journalism, positive psychology

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