ZEMİN İYİLEŞTİRME YÖNTEMLERİNİN ZEMİN KONSOLİDASYONUNA ETKİSİ: VAKA ANALİZİ

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 424 - 436, 30.01.2020

Merve Oral , Firdevs Uysal

https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.638130

Abstract

Bu çalışmada esas olarak
taş kolon ve düşey dren yöntemlerinin konsolidasyon oturmalarının azaltılması
ve konsolidasyonun hızlandırılması açısından performansları değerlendirilmiştir.
Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında taş kolonlar ve düşey drenlerinin kullanımı ve bu
yöntemler için geliştirilmiş sayısal analiz yöntemleri araştırılmıştır.
Çalışmanın sonraki aşamasında, düşey drenlerin tasarımı için önem arz eden bazı
tasarım parametrelerinin etkisi Plaxis yazılımı kullanılarak sayısal olarak
araştırılmıştır. Son olarak, Changi Doğu Islah Projesi analiz edilmiştir.
Analizler iki pilot araştırma için yapılmış olup, analizlerde taş kolon ve
düşey drenlerin konsolidasyon davranışı modellenmiştir. Sayısal analiz
sonuçları, arazi ölçümlerine bakılarak değerlendirilmiş ve bu iki iyileştirme
yönteminin konsolidasyon davranışı karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırma
analizleri sonucunda, taş kolonların özellikle konsolidasyon oturmalarının
azaltılması ve konsolidasyonun hızlandırılması açısından daha fazla avantaj
sağladığı tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Düşey dren, taş kolon, konsolidasyon, plaxis, vaka analizi

References

• [1] DIJKSTRA, J., VESTERING, C., ‘‘The advantages of the use of GPS based logging systems for vertical drain installation projects’’, In International Conference on Soft Ground Engineering, 3, 4, 2015.
• [2] BARKSDALE, R.D., BACHUS, R.C., “Design and Construction of Stone Columns”, Vol. I, FHWA/RD-83/026, Federal Highway Administration,Washington, D.C., 1983.
• [3] TAUBE, M.G., HERRİDGE, J.R., ‘‘Stone columns for industrial fills’’, Nicholson Construction Company, Cuddy, Pennsylvania. 18, 2002.
• [4] ROWE, R.K., LI, A.L., ‘‘Geosynthetic-reinforced embankments over soft foundations’’, Geosynthetics International, 12(1), 50-85, 2005.
• [5] INDRARATNA, B., RUJIKIATKAMJORN, C., AMERATUNGA, J., BOYLE, P., ‘‘Performance and prediction of vacuum combined surcharge consolidation at Port of Brisbane”, Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 137(11), 1009-1018, 2011.
• [6] ALMEIDA, M.S.S., HOSSEINPOUR, I., RICCIO, M., ALEXIEW, D., ‘‘Behavior of geotextileencased granular columns supporting test embankment on soft deposit’’, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 141(3), 2014.
• [7] BARRON, R.A., ‘‘Consolidation of fine-grained soils by drain wells’’, Proceedings, ASCE, 73(6), 811–835, 1948.
• [8] HAN, J., YE, S.L., ‘‘Simplified solution for the consolidation rate of stone column reinforced foundations’’, ASCE Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 127(7), 597–603, 2001.
• [9] HAN, J., YE, S.L., “A theoretical solution for consolidation rates for stone column reinforced foundations accounting for smear and well resistance effects”, International Journal of Geomechanics, 2(2), 135-151, 2002.
• [10] ELDHO, C.A., JOSE, A., BALAMURUGAN, V., PARACKAL, P.J., PRIYA, K.L., ‘‘Ground Improvement Using Stone Columns and PVD’’, Indian Geotechnical Conference. GEO Trendz, IGS Mumbai Chapter & IIT Bombay, 2010.
• [11] BALAAM, N.P., BOOKER, J. R., ‘‘Analysis of rigid rafts supported by granular piles’’, International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, John Wiley and Sons, 5, 379–403, 1981.
• [12] POOROOSHASB, H.B., MEYERHOF G.G., ‘‘Analysis of behavior of stone columns and lime columns’’, Computers and Geotechnics, 20, 1, 47-70, 1997.
• [13] AMBILY, A.P., GANDHI, S.R., ‘‘Behaviour of stone columns based on experimental and fem analysis’’, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 133, 405-415, 2007.
• [14] MESRI, G., LO, D.O.K, FENG, T.W., “Settlement of embankments on soft clays”, In Proc. Settlement, 94, 8-76, 1994.
• [15] ZHU, G., YIN, J.H., “Finite element consolidation analysis of soils with vertical drain”, International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 24, 337-366, 2000.
• [16] INDRARATNA, B., REDANA, I.W., “Numerical modeling of vertical drains with smear and well resistance installed in soft clay”, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 37(1), 132-145, 2000.
• [17] INDRARATNA, B., RUJIKIATKAMJORN, C., SATHANANTHAN, I., “Analytical and numerical solutions for a single vertical drain including the effects of vacuum preloading”, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 42(4), 994-1014, 2005a.
• [18] INDRARATNA, B., SATHANANTHAN, I., RUJIKIATKAMJORN, C., BALASUBRAMANIAM, A. S., “Analytical and numerical modeling of soft soil stabilized by prefabricated vertical drains incorporating vacuum preloading”, International Journal of Geomechanics, 5(2), 114-124, 2005b.
• [19] INDRARATNA, B., RUJIKIATKAMJORN, C., WIJEYAKULASURIYA, V., ‘‘Soft clay stabilisation using prefabricated vertical drains and the role of viscous creep at the site of Sunshine Motorway”, Queensland. Proceedings of the 10th Australia New Zealand conference on Geomechanics, 96-101, 2007.
• [20] HIRD, C.C., PYRAH, I.C., RUSSELL, D., “Finite element modeling of vertical drains beneath embankments on soft ground”, Géotechnique, 42, 499-511, 1992.
• [21] INDRARATNA, B., REDANA, I.W., “Laboratory determination of smear zone due tovertical drain installation”, J. Geotech. and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 124, 180-184, 1998.
• [22] INDRARATNA, B., RUJIKIATKAMJORN, C., SATHANANTHAN, I., ‘‘Analytical and numerical solutions for a single vertical drain including the effects of vacuum preloading’’, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 42(4), 994-1014, 2005.
• [23] GUO, X., XIE, K.H., DENG, Y.B., ‘‘Consolidation by prefabricated vertical drains with threshold gradient’’, Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2014.
• [24] PRIEBE, H.J., “The Design of Vibro Replacement”, Ground Engineering, 28(10), 1-13, 1995.
• [25] MIRSALEHI, S., BILSEL, H., “Finite element modeling of stone columns in alluvial soils under an embankment”, 3th International Conference on New Developments in Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus, 2012.
• [26] LIN, D.G., KIM, H.K., BALASUBRAMMANIAM, A., “Numerical modeling of prefabricated vertical drain”, Geotechnical Engineering, 31(2), 2000.
• [27] BERGADO, D.T., CHAI, J.C., ABIERA, H.O., ALFARO, M.C., BALASUBRAMMANIAM, A.S., “Improvement of soft Bangkok clay using vertical drains”, Geotextiles and Geomembranes 12, 4, 327-349, 1993a.
• [28] BERGADO, D.T., MUKHERJEE, K., ALFARO, M.C., BALASUBRAMMANIAM, A.S., “Prediction of vertical-band-drain performance by finite element method”, Geotextiles and Geomembranes 12, 6, 567-586, 1993b.
• [29] MERT, A.C., ‘‘Düşey Drenlerle (PVD) İyileştirilmiş Kilde Konsolidasyon Oturmalarının Analizi’’, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Kültür Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul, Türkiye, 2018.
• [30] Al-Soud, M. S., “Numerical analysis of prefabricated vertical drains improved soft soil beneath an embankment during staged construction”, Journal of Engineering and Development, 20(1), 151-163, 2016.
• [31] CHU, J., BO, M.W., ARULRAJAH, A., “Soil improvement works for an offshore land reclamation”, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Geotechnical Engineering, 162(1), 21-32, 2009.
• [32] BO, M.W., CHU, J., LOW, B.K., CHOA, V., “Soil Improvement: Prefabricated Vertical Drain Technique”, ISBN 981-243-044-X, Thomson Learning, Singapore, s. 341, 2003.
• [33] ARULRAJAH, A., NIKRAZ, H., BO, M.W., “Finite Element Modeling of Marine Clay Deformation under Reclamation Fills Ground Improvement’’, Journal of the International Society of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 9(3), 105-118, 2005.
• [34] KIRNAK, E., ‘‘Taş Kolon Tasarım Parametrelerinin İncelenmesi’’, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana, Türkiye, 2017.
• [35] BOUASSIDA, M., HAZZAR L., “Comparison between Stone Columns and Vertical Geodrains with Preloading Embankment Techniques”, paper 7.18a. CD Rom of, 6th Int. Conf. On Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering, 11-18, 2008.