COVID-19 Salgınında Türkiye’deki Özel Gereksinimi Olan Öğrenciler ve Ailelerine Yönelik Uzaktan Özel Eğitim Uygulamalarına İlişkin Uzman Bakış Açısı

Year 2022, Volume: 23 Issue: 1, 133 - 164, 01.03.2022

Sunagül Sani-bozkurt , Gülden Bozkuş Genç , Sezgin Vuran , Gizem Yıldız , Seçil Çelik , İbrahim Diken , Çiğdem Uysal Hasan Gürgür , Gülefşan Kalaycı Özlem Diken , N. Nazlı Ateşgöz , Rifat İçyüz , Murat Doğan , Pınar Şafak , Pınar Demiryürek

https://doi.org/10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.786118

Cited By: 13

Abstract

Giriş: COVID-19 sırasında okullar kapatıldığında değişen yaşantılar yalnızca özel gereksinimi olan öğrencileri değil beraberinde ailelerini de olumsuz yönde etkilemiştir. Araştırmada COVID-19 salgını kısıtlama sürecinde Türkiye’de farklı özel gereksinimi olan öğrenciler ve ailelerine yönelik gerçekleştirilen uzaktan özel eğitim uygulamalarının uzman bakış açısı ile ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Kolektif durum çalışması olarak planlanan bu araştırmada kendi deneyimlerini ve gözlemlerini bildirmek üzere toplam 15 akademisyen araştırmanın doğrudan katılımcısı olmuştur. Araştırma bağlamında akademisyenler tarafından elde edilen bilgiler süzgeçten geçirilerek, farklılıklar ve örüntüler aranmış, gözlemler ve deneyimler heuristic (öz deneyimsel) bakış açısı ile yansıtılarak kaleme alınmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre; Türkiye’de uzaktan eğitime geçişin hızlı bir şekilde devreye girmesiyle beraber özel gereksinimi olan öğrenciler ve ailelerine yönelik uzaktan eğitime dayalı uygulamaların resmi, özel kurum ve şahıslar tarafından sunulduğu görülmüştür. Ancak uygulamalar ülke geneline yaygınlaştırılabilecek biçimde sistemli olmamakla birlikte her bir yetersizlik grubu için mobil uygulamaların zenginleştirilmesi, kurumsal platformda aile odaklı destek mekanizmalarının oluşturulması gibi bu süreçten çıkarılması gereken dersler olduğu da açıkça ortaya konmuştur. Ayrıca özellikle resmi kurumlar tarafından sunulan iyi uygulama örneklerinin salgın sonrasında devam etmesi gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Tartışma: Araştırma sonuçlarının başta Türkiye olmak üzere farklı ülkelerde özel eğitim uygulamalarının planlanmasında ileriye dönük bir yol haritası çizilmesine yardımcı olabileceği öngörülmektedir. Türkiye’de kısıtlama sürecinde uzaktan eğitime geçişe hızlı bir tepkiyle yanıt verildiği ve bu süreçte iyi uygulama örneklerinin olduğu söylenebilmektedir. Çalışmada karar vericilere, okul, kurum ve uzmanlara, ailelere ve yeni normale yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.

Keywords

Koronavirüs, COVID-19, uzaktan eğitim, acil uzaktan öğretim, özel gereksinimi olan öğrenciler, psiko-sosyal destek, özel eğitim

Expert Perspectives on Distance Special Education Interventions for Students with Special Needs and Their Families in Turkey During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract

Introduction: In this study, it was aimed to reveal the distance special education interventions carried out for students with different special needs and their families in Turkey during the restriction period due to the COVID-19 pandemic through expert perspectives. When schools were closed during COVID-19, the changing lives negatively affected not only students with special needs but also their families.
Method: In this study which was designed as a collective case study, a total of 15 academics constituted the direct participants of the study to report their own experiences and observations.
Findings: According to the results of the study, it was observed that distance education-based interventions for students with special needs and their families were provided by official, private institutions and individuals along with the rapid transition to distance education in Turkey. The interventions were not systematic in that they could not be spread across the country. This clearly demonstrated that there were lessons to be learned from this process, such as enriching mobile applications for each disability group, and establishing family-oriented support mechanisms.
Discussion: It is predicted that the results of the study may help to draw a forward-looking road map in planning special education interventions in different countries, especially in Turkey. In response to the lockdown conditions, the special education practice in Turkey has become one of the good examples in the process of transition. In the study, suggestions were presented to decision makers, schools, institutions, experts, and families.

Keywords

Coronavirus, COVID-19, distance education, emergency remote teaching, students with special needs, psycho-social support, special education

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