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Alternative Ferrocement Panels for Reinforcement of Reinforced Concrete Structures Damaged on the 6 February 2023 Turkey Earthquake

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 254 - 269, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.53501/rteufemud.1325149

Abstract

Most of the reinforced concrete framed buildings commonly used in developing countries are not secure against earthquakes. Studies on seismic performance of reinforced concrete framed structures showed that; lateral stiffness often needs to be improved. In this study, in order to rehabilitate the structures, performances of ferrocement panels can be used to strengthen the existing hollow brick infill walls such that they act as cast-in-place concrete in fills improving the lateral stiffness is researched. Ferrocement panels are not only to be as light as can be carried by two people easily, but also from the low cost and usefulness against tensional and loads point of view. Previous researches results indicated that strength, stiffness, energy dissipation and story drift characteristics of the reinforced concrete framed building structures can be rehabilitated by the eco-friendly, cost effective and practically applicable seismic retrofitting technique that does not need evacuation of the building with these high-performance ferrocement panels.

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Project Number

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Thanks

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References

  • Abdul-Ameer, O.A. (2000). Ability of ferrocement to raise the resistance of reinforced concrete beams. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Technology, Iraq.
  • ACI 549R-97, 1997. State-of-the-Art Report on Ferrocement; American Concrete Institute: Farmington Hills, MI, USA.
  • Aiswarya, T.S., Mohan, N. (2019). Retrofitting of reinforced concrete square columns using ferrocement jacketing. Engineering, 212580109. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:212580109
  • Al-Rifaie, W.N., Ahmed, W.K., Ibraheem, L.E., Al-Samarraie, H.Y. (2014). Ferrocement in eco-housing system, International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 4(1), 151-158.
  • Baran, M. (2005). Precast concrete panel reinforced infill walls for seismic strengthening of reinforced concrete framed structures. Ph.D. - Doctoral Program, Middle East Technical University.
  • Baran, M. (2021). Comparison of seismic performances of reinforced concrete frames strengthened by different techniques. Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures, 18(2), e350. https://doi.org/10.1590/1679-78256340
  • Batson, G. (2000). Ferrocement and laminated cementitious composites. Mater. Struct., 33. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02484171 440
  • Bong, J.H.L., Ahmed, E. (2010). Study the structural behaviour of ferrocement beam. Journal of Civil Engineering, 1, 1-7. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:67784238
  • Burger, J., Huber, T., Lloret-Fritschi, E., Mata-Falcón, J., Gramazio, F., Kohler, M. (2022). Design and fabrication of optimised ribbed concrete floor slabs using large scale 3D 444 printed formwork. Automation in Construction, 144, 104599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2022.104599
  • Chang, W.F., Nanni, A. (1985). Ferrocement factory-built homes. Proceedings, Second International Symposium on Ferrocement, Bangkok, Thailand, January, 445-455.
  • El-Sayed, T.A., Shaheen, Y.B., AbouBakr, M.M., Abdelnaby, R.M. (2023). Behavior of ferrocement water pipes as an alternative solution for steel water pipes. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 18, e01806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2022.e01806
  • Hago, A.W., Al-Jabri, K.S., Alnuaimi, A.S., Al-Moqbali, H., Al-Kubaisy, M.A. (2005) Ultimate and service behavior of ferrocement roof slab panels. Construction and Building Materials, 19(1), 31-37.
  • Hocaoğlu, I. (2023). The effect of reinforcement diameter on accelerated corrosion level in concretes. Civil Engineering and Architecture, 11, 1048-1058. https://doi.org/10.13189/cea.2023.110237 458
  • URL– 1, (2023). https://www.yenisafak.com/fotogaleri/gundem/deprem-oncesi-ve-sonrasi-fotograflar-yikimin-boyutunu-gosteriyor-4509098/1, 19 Şubat 2023.
  • URL– 2, (2023). https://blog.wstyler.com/arch/architectural-mesh-cost, 2 Temmuz 2023.
  • URL– 3, (2023). http://www.preferrobuild.in/gallery.html 25. Haziran 2023.
  • URL– 4, (2023). https://www.arquitecturaorganica.com/habitat/la-casa-del-arbol/ 4 Temmuz 2023.
  • Işıkdag, B. (2015). Characterization of lightweight ferrocement panels containing expanded perlite-based mortar. Construction and Building Materials, 81, 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.02.009
  • Jaraullah, M.N., Dawood, E.T., Abdullah, M.H. (2022). Static and impact mechanical properties of ferrocement slabs produced from green mortar. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 16, e00995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2022.e00995
  • Joy, A.M., Thampy, M., Vinodraj, L., Reshma T.S., Saju, E.S. (2016). Earthquake resistant construction using ferrocement. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 4(13), 1-3.
  • Koçak, A. (2021). Betonarme binalarda donatı yerleştirme ilkeleri. Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi İnşaat Fakültesi - İnşaat Mühendisliği Bölümü Yapı Anabilim Dalı, 1-49.
  • Lloret-Fritschi, E., (2021). Material-informed formwork geometry - The effects of cross-sectional variation and patterns on the strength of 3D printed eggshell formworks, Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 Eylül 2021.
  • Memon, N.A., Sumadi, S.R., Ramli, M. (2006). Strength and behaviour of lightweight ferrocement-aerated concrete sandwich blocks. Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering 18(2), 99-108.
  • Memon, N.A., Sumadi, S.R., Ramli, M. (2006). Strength and behaviour of lightweight ferrocement-aerated concrete sandwich blocks. Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering, 18(2), 99-108.
  • Muhit, I.B., Jitu, N.E.T. Alam, M.R. (2021). Structural shear retrofitting of reinforced concrete beam: multilayer. Asian Journal of Civil Engineering, 22, 191–203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42107-020-00306-3
  • Murali, G., Amran, M., Fediuk, R., Vatin, N., Raman, S.N., Maithreyi, G., Sumathi, A. (2020). Structural Behavior of fibrous-ferrocement panel subjected to flexural and impact loads. Materials, 13(24), 5648. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13245648
  • Mustafaraj, E., Corradi, M., Yardim, Y., Luga, E., Codur, M.Y. (2023). Ferrocement, carbon, and polypropylene fibers for strengthening masonry shearwalls. Materials, 16, 4597. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16134597
  • Özdemir, N., Kocataşkın, F. (1984). Presentation of ferrocement and possibility of application in Turkey, İ.T.Ü., Faculty of Civil Eng., Seminar of Materials, Istanbul, Turkey, 1-8.
  • Patil, D., Bukhari, S.Y., Minde, P.R., Kulkarni, M.S. (2023). Review on comparative study of diverse wall materials for affordable housing. Materials Today: Proceedings, 77, 823–831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.11.489
  • Preliminary assessment report of AFAD, 06 February 2023, Pazarcık (Kahramanmaraş) mw 7.7, Elbistan (Kahramanmaraş) mw 7.6 earthquakes.
  • Rameshkumar, M., Malathy, R., Chandiran, P., Paramasivam, S., Chung, I.-M., Kim, S.-H., Prabakaran, M. (2022). Study on flexural behaviour of ferrocement composites reinforced with polypropylene. Warp Knitted Fabric. Polymers, 14, 4093. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14194093
  • Rifaie, W.N.A., Ahmed, W.K., Ibraheem, L.E., Al-samarraie, H.Y. (2014). The use of renewable energy in ferrocement eco-housing system. International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 4(1), 151-158. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ijrer/issue/16076/168147
  • Riyadh, A.H. (2005). Structural behaviour of ferrocement under direct fire. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Technology, Iraq.
  • Sakkarai, D., Soundarapandian, N. (2021). Strength behavior of flat and folded fly ash-based geopolymer ferrocement panels under flexure and impact. Advances in Civil Engineering, 2311518, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/2311518
  • Shaheen, Y.B.I., Etman, Z.A., Ramadan, A.G. (2018). Characteristics of ferrocement lightweight wall. International Journal of Civil Engineering, 16, 33–45.
  • Shaheen, Y.B.I., Mousa, M., Gamal, E. (2020). IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 974 012037, Structural Behavior of Light Weight Ferrocement Walls.
  • Spiesz, P.R., Hunger, M. (2017). Structural ultra-lightweight concrete–from laboratory research to field trials. In Eleventh High Performance concrete (11th HPC), Troms, 6-8 March 2017, 1-10.
  • State of the Republic of Turkey, Ministry of environment, urbanization, and climate change (MEUCC), general directorate of construction affairs, 2023, Ankara.
  • Tankut, T., Ersoy, U., Özcebe, G., Baran, M. (2004). Strengthening of reinforced concrete buildings by prefabricated concrete panels, Union of Turkish Prefabricators, 11th Concrete Prefabrication Symposium, İzmir, Turkey.
  • Topçu, İ.B. (2006). Ferrocement Technology, 4, 127-133.
  • Topçu, İ.B., Lecture Notes on Ferrocement Technology, University of Osmangazi, The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Civil Eng. Main Division, Eskişehir, Turkey, 2004. p. 45-48. [in Turkish]
  • Topçu, İ.B. (1999). Production of Brick with Perlite that has High Resistance to Heat Conductivity, University of Osmangazi, Journal of Engineering and Architecture, Eskişehir, Turkey; XII;2, p. 71-82. [in Turkish]
  • Topçu, İ.B. (2000). Production of ferrocement tent with lightweight concrete for regions of earthquake. University of Osmangazi, Journal of Engineering and Architecture, 1, 1-12.
  • Topçu, İ.B., Uğurlu, A. (2004). Ferrocement: A Prefabricated concrete composite reinforced with steel wire mesh. Journal of Cement and Concrete World, 52, 34-41.
  • Wang, M.L. (1985). The building system of ferrocement light panel elements, Proceedings, Second International Symposium on Ferrocement, Bangkok, Thailand, 457-468.
  • Yu, Q.L., Spiesz, P., Brouwers, H.J.H. (2015). Ultra-lightweight concrete: conceptual design and performance evaluation. Cement & Concrete Composites, 61, 18-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2015.04.012
  • Ziadoo, M.A., Sheelan, M. H., Mohammed, H.M. (2020). Flexural behavior of one-way ferrocement slabs with fibrous cementitious matrices. Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences, 8(3), 1614-1624. http://dx.doi.org/10.21533/pen.v8i3.1548
  • Zisan, B., Biswas, B.K., Hasan, A., Chanda, M., Dhar, A. (2023). Flexural performance of reinforced concrete beams retrofitted using ferrocement wire mesh. Architecture and Engineering, 8(1), 71-81. https://doi.org/10.23968/2500-0055-2023-8-1-71-81

6 Şubat 2023 Türkiye Depreminde Hasar Görmüş Betonarme Yapıların Güçlendirilmesi için Alternatif Ferrocement Paneller

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 254 - 269, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.53501/rteufemud.1325149

Abstract

Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde yaygın olarak kullanılan betonarme çerçeveli binaların çoğu depreme karşı güvenli değildir. Betonarme çerçeveli yapıların sismik performansları üzerine yapılan çalışmalar göstermiştir ki; yanal sertlik çoğu zaman yetersizdir. Bu çalışmada, yapıların rehabilite edilmesi amacıyla, mevcut boşluklu tuğla dolgu duvarların güçlendirilmesinde kullanılabilecek ferrocement panellerin yerinde dökme beton dolgu görevi görerek yanal rijitliği iyileştirme performansları incelenmiştir. Hafif agregalı ferrocement paneller, iki kişinin rahatlıkla taşıyabileceği kadar hafif olması, çekmeye karşı dayanıklı, hafif, düşük maliyetli ve kullanışlı olması nedeniyle tercih edilmektedirler. Önceki araştırma sonuçları, betonarme çerçeveli bina yapılarının dayanım, rijitlik, enerji yayılımı ve kat ötelenmesi özelliklerinin, bu yüksek performansla binanın boşaltılmasına ihtiyaç duyulmadan, çevre dostu, düşük maliyetli ve pratik olarak uygulanabilir sismik güçlendirme tekniği ile iyileştirilebileceğini göstermiştir.

Project Number

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References

  • Abdul-Ameer, O.A. (2000). Ability of ferrocement to raise the resistance of reinforced concrete beams. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Technology, Iraq.
  • ACI 549R-97, 1997. State-of-the-Art Report on Ferrocement; American Concrete Institute: Farmington Hills, MI, USA.
  • Aiswarya, T.S., Mohan, N. (2019). Retrofitting of reinforced concrete square columns using ferrocement jacketing. Engineering, 212580109. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:212580109
  • Al-Rifaie, W.N., Ahmed, W.K., Ibraheem, L.E., Al-Samarraie, H.Y. (2014). Ferrocement in eco-housing system, International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 4(1), 151-158.
  • Baran, M. (2005). Precast concrete panel reinforced infill walls for seismic strengthening of reinforced concrete framed structures. Ph.D. - Doctoral Program, Middle East Technical University.
  • Baran, M. (2021). Comparison of seismic performances of reinforced concrete frames strengthened by different techniques. Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures, 18(2), e350. https://doi.org/10.1590/1679-78256340
  • Batson, G. (2000). Ferrocement and laminated cementitious composites. Mater. Struct., 33. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02484171 440
  • Bong, J.H.L., Ahmed, E. (2010). Study the structural behaviour of ferrocement beam. Journal of Civil Engineering, 1, 1-7. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:67784238
  • Burger, J., Huber, T., Lloret-Fritschi, E., Mata-Falcón, J., Gramazio, F., Kohler, M. (2022). Design and fabrication of optimised ribbed concrete floor slabs using large scale 3D 444 printed formwork. Automation in Construction, 144, 104599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2022.104599
  • Chang, W.F., Nanni, A. (1985). Ferrocement factory-built homes. Proceedings, Second International Symposium on Ferrocement, Bangkok, Thailand, January, 445-455.
  • El-Sayed, T.A., Shaheen, Y.B., AbouBakr, M.M., Abdelnaby, R.M. (2023). Behavior of ferrocement water pipes as an alternative solution for steel water pipes. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 18, e01806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2022.e01806
  • Hago, A.W., Al-Jabri, K.S., Alnuaimi, A.S., Al-Moqbali, H., Al-Kubaisy, M.A. (2005) Ultimate and service behavior of ferrocement roof slab panels. Construction and Building Materials, 19(1), 31-37.
  • Hocaoğlu, I. (2023). The effect of reinforcement diameter on accelerated corrosion level in concretes. Civil Engineering and Architecture, 11, 1048-1058. https://doi.org/10.13189/cea.2023.110237 458
  • URL– 1, (2023). https://www.yenisafak.com/fotogaleri/gundem/deprem-oncesi-ve-sonrasi-fotograflar-yikimin-boyutunu-gosteriyor-4509098/1, 19 Şubat 2023.
  • URL– 2, (2023). https://blog.wstyler.com/arch/architectural-mesh-cost, 2 Temmuz 2023.
  • URL– 3, (2023). http://www.preferrobuild.in/gallery.html 25. Haziran 2023.
  • URL– 4, (2023). https://www.arquitecturaorganica.com/habitat/la-casa-del-arbol/ 4 Temmuz 2023.
  • Işıkdag, B. (2015). Characterization of lightweight ferrocement panels containing expanded perlite-based mortar. Construction and Building Materials, 81, 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.02.009
  • Jaraullah, M.N., Dawood, E.T., Abdullah, M.H. (2022). Static and impact mechanical properties of ferrocement slabs produced from green mortar. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 16, e00995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2022.e00995
  • Joy, A.M., Thampy, M., Vinodraj, L., Reshma T.S., Saju, E.S. (2016). Earthquake resistant construction using ferrocement. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 4(13), 1-3.
  • Koçak, A. (2021). Betonarme binalarda donatı yerleştirme ilkeleri. Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi İnşaat Fakültesi - İnşaat Mühendisliği Bölümü Yapı Anabilim Dalı, 1-49.
  • Lloret-Fritschi, E., (2021). Material-informed formwork geometry - The effects of cross-sectional variation and patterns on the strength of 3D printed eggshell formworks, Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 Eylül 2021.
  • Memon, N.A., Sumadi, S.R., Ramli, M. (2006). Strength and behaviour of lightweight ferrocement-aerated concrete sandwich blocks. Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering 18(2), 99-108.
  • Memon, N.A., Sumadi, S.R., Ramli, M. (2006). Strength and behaviour of lightweight ferrocement-aerated concrete sandwich blocks. Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering, 18(2), 99-108.
  • Muhit, I.B., Jitu, N.E.T. Alam, M.R. (2021). Structural shear retrofitting of reinforced concrete beam: multilayer. Asian Journal of Civil Engineering, 22, 191–203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42107-020-00306-3
  • Murali, G., Amran, M., Fediuk, R., Vatin, N., Raman, S.N., Maithreyi, G., Sumathi, A. (2020). Structural Behavior of fibrous-ferrocement panel subjected to flexural and impact loads. Materials, 13(24), 5648. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13245648
  • Mustafaraj, E., Corradi, M., Yardim, Y., Luga, E., Codur, M.Y. (2023). Ferrocement, carbon, and polypropylene fibers for strengthening masonry shearwalls. Materials, 16, 4597. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16134597
  • Özdemir, N., Kocataşkın, F. (1984). Presentation of ferrocement and possibility of application in Turkey, İ.T.Ü., Faculty of Civil Eng., Seminar of Materials, Istanbul, Turkey, 1-8.
  • Patil, D., Bukhari, S.Y., Minde, P.R., Kulkarni, M.S. (2023). Review on comparative study of diverse wall materials for affordable housing. Materials Today: Proceedings, 77, 823–831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.11.489
  • Preliminary assessment report of AFAD, 06 February 2023, Pazarcık (Kahramanmaraş) mw 7.7, Elbistan (Kahramanmaraş) mw 7.6 earthquakes.
  • Rameshkumar, M., Malathy, R., Chandiran, P., Paramasivam, S., Chung, I.-M., Kim, S.-H., Prabakaran, M. (2022). Study on flexural behaviour of ferrocement composites reinforced with polypropylene. Warp Knitted Fabric. Polymers, 14, 4093. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14194093
  • Rifaie, W.N.A., Ahmed, W.K., Ibraheem, L.E., Al-samarraie, H.Y. (2014). The use of renewable energy in ferrocement eco-housing system. International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 4(1), 151-158. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ijrer/issue/16076/168147
  • Riyadh, A.H. (2005). Structural behaviour of ferrocement under direct fire. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Technology, Iraq.
  • Sakkarai, D., Soundarapandian, N. (2021). Strength behavior of flat and folded fly ash-based geopolymer ferrocement panels under flexure and impact. Advances in Civil Engineering, 2311518, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/2311518
  • Shaheen, Y.B.I., Etman, Z.A., Ramadan, A.G. (2018). Characteristics of ferrocement lightweight wall. International Journal of Civil Engineering, 16, 33–45.
  • Shaheen, Y.B.I., Mousa, M., Gamal, E. (2020). IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 974 012037, Structural Behavior of Light Weight Ferrocement Walls.
  • Spiesz, P.R., Hunger, M. (2017). Structural ultra-lightweight concrete–from laboratory research to field trials. In Eleventh High Performance concrete (11th HPC), Troms, 6-8 March 2017, 1-10.
  • State of the Republic of Turkey, Ministry of environment, urbanization, and climate change (MEUCC), general directorate of construction affairs, 2023, Ankara.
  • Tankut, T., Ersoy, U., Özcebe, G., Baran, M. (2004). Strengthening of reinforced concrete buildings by prefabricated concrete panels, Union of Turkish Prefabricators, 11th Concrete Prefabrication Symposium, İzmir, Turkey.
  • Topçu, İ.B. (2006). Ferrocement Technology, 4, 127-133.
  • Topçu, İ.B., Lecture Notes on Ferrocement Technology, University of Osmangazi, The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Civil Eng. Main Division, Eskişehir, Turkey, 2004. p. 45-48. [in Turkish]
  • Topçu, İ.B. (1999). Production of Brick with Perlite that has High Resistance to Heat Conductivity, University of Osmangazi, Journal of Engineering and Architecture, Eskişehir, Turkey; XII;2, p. 71-82. [in Turkish]
  • Topçu, İ.B. (2000). Production of ferrocement tent with lightweight concrete for regions of earthquake. University of Osmangazi, Journal of Engineering and Architecture, 1, 1-12.
  • Topçu, İ.B., Uğurlu, A. (2004). Ferrocement: A Prefabricated concrete composite reinforced with steel wire mesh. Journal of Cement and Concrete World, 52, 34-41.
  • Wang, M.L. (1985). The building system of ferrocement light panel elements, Proceedings, Second International Symposium on Ferrocement, Bangkok, Thailand, 457-468.
  • Yu, Q.L., Spiesz, P., Brouwers, H.J.H. (2015). Ultra-lightweight concrete: conceptual design and performance evaluation. Cement & Concrete Composites, 61, 18-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2015.04.012
  • Ziadoo, M.A., Sheelan, M. H., Mohammed, H.M. (2020). Flexural behavior of one-way ferrocement slabs with fibrous cementitious matrices. Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences, 8(3), 1614-1624. http://dx.doi.org/10.21533/pen.v8i3.1548
  • Zisan, B., Biswas, B.K., Hasan, A., Chanda, M., Dhar, A. (2023). Flexural performance of reinforced concrete beams retrofitted using ferrocement wire mesh. Architecture and Engineering, 8(1), 71-81. https://doi.org/10.23968/2500-0055-2023-8-1-71-81
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Cement Technology, Composite and Hybrid Materials
Journal Section Review
Authors

İsmail Hocaoğlu 0000-0001-9294-1120

İlker Bekir Topçu 0000-0002-2075-6361

Cenk Öcal 0000-0002-1407-7637

Project Number -
Early Pub Date December 28, 2023
Publication Date December 31, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 4 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Hocaoğlu, İ., Topçu, İ. B., & Öcal, C. (2023). Alternative Ferrocement Panels for Reinforcement of Reinforced Concrete Structures Damaged on the 6 February 2023 Turkey Earthquake. Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Journal of Science and Engineering, 4(2), 254-269. https://doi.org/10.53501/rteufemud.1325149

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