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School as a Social System

Year 2014, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 49 - 61, 10.03.2014
https://doi.org/10.19126/suje.10732

Abstract

Social system notion which belongs to the systems theory has been elaborated comprehensively using its founders' ideas, and characteristics of schools have been explained consulting to this notion. The course of social system idea has been reviewed along with its relation to other systems. How researchers who assumes schools as social systems define the main components of the school has been reviewed.

References

  • Ben-Baruch, E. (1983). Schools as social systems. Beersheba: Ben Gurion University.
  • Bolman, L. G., & Deal, T. E. (1984). Modern approaches to understanding and managing organizations. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Campbell, R. F., Cunningham, L. L., Nystrand, R. O., & Usdan, M. D. (1990). The organization and control of American schools. New York: Macmillan.
  • Daft, R. L. (2009). Organization theory and design. (10 ed.). Mason: South-Western College Publishing.
  • Dellar, G. B. (1994). Schools as open social systems: A study of site specific restructuring. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association. New Orleans, LA, April 4-8, 1994.
  • Dornbusch, S. M., & Glasgow, K. L. (1996). The social structures of schooling. Annual Review of Psychology, 47(1), 401.
  • Getzels, J. W., & Guba, E. G. (1957). Social behavior and the administrative process. The School Review, 65(4), 423-441.
  • Getzels, J. W., Lipham, J. M. & Campbell, R. F. (1968). Educational administration as a social process. New York, Harper & Row.
  • Glassman, R. B. (1973). Persistence and loose coupling in living systems. Behavioral Science, 18, 83-98.
  • Gouldner, A. W. (1959). Organizational analysis. In R. K. Merton (Ed.). Sociology today (pp. 400-428). New York: Basic Books. (As cited by Scott, 1998).
  • Greenfield, T., & Ribbins, P. (1993). Greenfield on educational administration. London: Routledge.
  • Hofstede, G. (1991). Cultures and organizations: software of the mind. London: McGraw-Hill UK.
  • Hoy, W. K., & Miskel, C.G. (2005). Educational administration. (7 ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Katz, D., & Kahn, R. L. (1978). The social psychology of organizations (2 ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. Kinsler, K., & Gamble, M. (2001). Reforming schools. New York: Continuum.
  • Kowalski, T. J. (2010). The school principal: Visionary leadership and competent management. New York: Routledge.
  • Luhmann, N. (1995), Social systems. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  • Mintzberg, H. (1983). Power in and around organizations. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.
  • Parsons, T. (1951). The social system. New York: Free Press.
  • Parsons, T. (1958). Some ingredients of a general theory of formal organization. In A.W. Halpin (Ed.). Administrative theory in education. Chicago: University of Chicago. (As cited by Getzels, Lipham, & Campbell, 1968).
  • Parsons, T. (1960). Structure and process in modern societies. New York: Free Press.
  • Rokeach, M. (1972). Beliefs, attitudes, and values. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Scott, W. R. (1998). Organizations. (4 ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
  • Selznick, P. (1957). Leadership in administration. New York: Harper & Row.
  • Senge, P. M. (1990). The fifth discipline. New York: Doubleday.
  • Spillane, J. P., & Healey, K. (2010). Conceptualizing school leadership and management from a distributed perspective. The Elementary School Journal, 111(2), 253-281.
  • Weick, K. E. (1976). Educational organizations as loosely coupled systems. Administrative Science Quarterly, 21(1), 1-19.

Bir Sosyal Sistem Olarak Okul

Year 2014, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 49 - 61, 10.03.2014
https://doi.org/10.19126/suje.10732

Abstract

Sistemler kuramına ait olan sosyal sistem görüşü, kurucularının fikirlerinden yararlanılarak kapsamlı biçimde ele alınmış ve bu kuram ile okulların özellikleri açıklanmıştır. Sosyal sistem fikrinin gelişim süreci,diğer sistemlerle olan ilişkisiyle birlikte incelenmiştir. Okulları sosyal sistemler olarak ele alan araştırmacıların, okulun temel parçalarını nasıl tanımladıkları da ele alınmıştır. Sosyal sistem görüşü okulun insaniyönüne dikkat çekerek okulu kar amaçlı kurumlardan ayrı tutmuştur. Bu nedenle sosyal sistemler kuramıokulları en gerçekçi açıklayabilen modellerden birisi olagelmiştir. Bu savın arkasındaki varsayımlar incelenmiştir. Bu görüşün eğitim kurumlarında yürütülen araştırmalara ışık tutması mümkün görülmektedir.

References

  • Ben-Baruch, E. (1983). Schools as social systems. Beersheba: Ben Gurion University.
  • Bolman, L. G., & Deal, T. E. (1984). Modern approaches to understanding and managing organizations. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Campbell, R. F., Cunningham, L. L., Nystrand, R. O., & Usdan, M. D. (1990). The organization and control of American schools. New York: Macmillan.
  • Daft, R. L. (2009). Organization theory and design. (10 ed.). Mason: South-Western College Publishing.
  • Dellar, G. B. (1994). Schools as open social systems: A study of site specific restructuring. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association. New Orleans, LA, April 4-8, 1994.
  • Dornbusch, S. M., & Glasgow, K. L. (1996). The social structures of schooling. Annual Review of Psychology, 47(1), 401.
  • Getzels, J. W., & Guba, E. G. (1957). Social behavior and the administrative process. The School Review, 65(4), 423-441.
  • Getzels, J. W., Lipham, J. M. & Campbell, R. F. (1968). Educational administration as a social process. New York, Harper & Row.
  • Glassman, R. B. (1973). Persistence and loose coupling in living systems. Behavioral Science, 18, 83-98.
  • Gouldner, A. W. (1959). Organizational analysis. In R. K. Merton (Ed.). Sociology today (pp. 400-428). New York: Basic Books. (As cited by Scott, 1998).
  • Greenfield, T., & Ribbins, P. (1993). Greenfield on educational administration. London: Routledge.
  • Hofstede, G. (1991). Cultures and organizations: software of the mind. London: McGraw-Hill UK.
  • Hoy, W. K., & Miskel, C.G. (2005). Educational administration. (7 ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Katz, D., & Kahn, R. L. (1978). The social psychology of organizations (2 ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. Kinsler, K., & Gamble, M. (2001). Reforming schools. New York: Continuum.
  • Kowalski, T. J. (2010). The school principal: Visionary leadership and competent management. New York: Routledge.
  • Luhmann, N. (1995), Social systems. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  • Mintzberg, H. (1983). Power in and around organizations. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.
  • Parsons, T. (1951). The social system. New York: Free Press.
  • Parsons, T. (1958). Some ingredients of a general theory of formal organization. In A.W. Halpin (Ed.). Administrative theory in education. Chicago: University of Chicago. (As cited by Getzels, Lipham, & Campbell, 1968).
  • Parsons, T. (1960). Structure and process in modern societies. New York: Free Press.
  • Rokeach, M. (1972). Beliefs, attitudes, and values. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Scott, W. R. (1998). Organizations. (4 ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
  • Selznick, P. (1957). Leadership in administration. New York: Harper & Row.
  • Senge, P. M. (1990). The fifth discipline. New York: Doubleday.
  • Spillane, J. P., & Healey, K. (2010). Conceptualizing school leadership and management from a distributed perspective. The Elementary School Journal, 111(2), 253-281.
  • Weick, K. E. (1976). Educational organizations as loosely coupled systems. Administrative Science Quarterly, 21(1), 1-19.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Kıvanç Bozkuş

Publication Date March 10, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Bozkuş, K. (2014). School as a Social System. Sakarya University Journal of Education, 4(1), 49-61. https://doi.org/10.19126/suje.10732