Reflective Thinking in The Problem-Solving Process: A Model Proposal

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 6 - 23, 30.04.2023

Özlem Özçakır Sümen

Abstract

Problem solving is one of the basic skills that individuals need in a lot of fields throughout their lives. Problem solving is among the process standards in mathematics education; mathematics education aims to develop students' problem-solving skills in teaching all content domains. Reflective thinking is an important skill that directly affects problem solving and ensures its successful outcome. This research aims to determine the reflective thinking skills used in problem-solving and to model this process. The research was conducted as a case study, and the participants were selected using criterion sampling. Twenty pre-service primary teachers with different mathematics achievements participated in the study. Data collection tools are worksheets, think-aloud protocol, and semi-structured interview forms. In order to determine the reflective thinking skills used in problem-solving, a non-routine problem was solved by pre-service teachers in the worksheets through the think-aloud protocol and interviews were conducted with pre-service teachers. The data were analyzed considering the components and indicators of reflective thinking. The research results showed that the components of reflective thinking were used in all the problem-solving stages. Based on this result, a model proposal was developed regarding the problem solving process in which reflective thinking is used, and the results were discussed in light of the relevant literature.

Keywords

problem solving, reflective thinking, components of reflective thinking

Problem Çözme Sürecinde Yansıtıcı Düşünme: Bir Model Önerisi

Abstract

Problem çözme bireylerin hayatları boyunca birçok alanda ihtiyaç duydukları en temel becerilerdendir. Problem çözme aynı zamanda matematik eğitiminde temel süreç becerileri arasındadır; tüm konu alanlarının öğretiminde öğrencilerin problem çözme becerilerinin geliştirilmesi hedeflenir. Yansıtıcı düşünme ise problem çözme sürecine doğrudan etki eden önemli bir beceridir. Bu araştırma problem çözme sürecinde kullanılan yansıtıcı düşünme becerilerini belirlemeyi ve bu süreci modellemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması şeklinde gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın katılımcıları ölçüt örnekleme ile seçilmiş, farklı matematik başarı düzeylerine sahip 20 sınıf öğretmeni adayı çalışmaya katılmıştır. Araştırmanın veri toplama araçları çalışma kağıtları, sesli düşünme protokolü ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formudur. Öğretmen adaylarının problem çözme sürecinde kullandıkları yansıtıcı düşünme becerilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla onlara rutin olmayan bir problem sunulmuş, problemi sesli süşünme protokolü ile çözmeleri istenmiştir. Ayrıca öğretmen adayları ile görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Veri analizi aşamasında, ses kayıtları bilgisayarda transkript edilmiş ve transkriptler yansıtıcı düşünmenin bileşenleri ve göstergeleri dikkate alınarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları problem çözme aşamalarının tamamında yansıtıcı düşünme bileşenlerinin kullanıldığını göstermiştir. Araştırmada bu sonuca bağlı olarak yansıtıcı düşünmenin kullanıldığı problem çözme sürecine ilişkin bir model önerisi sunulmuş, sonuçlar ilgili literatür ışığında tartışılmıştır.

Keywords

problem çözme, yansıtıcı düşünme, yansıtıcı düşünme bileşenleri

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