The Role and Importance of Standardization in Experiment Animals Research: Traditional Review

Year 2023, Volume: 49 Issue: 1, 125 - 132, 09.06.2023

Aslı Çelik , Nazan Baksi , Mehmet Ensari Güneli

https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.1216412

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Preclinical studies form the basis of many research types in different medical sciences disciplines. Experimental animals are an important part of these studies; They are living model organisms used to understand biological, physiological, and pathological mechanisms, examine system responses, and reveal their relationships. Standardization of experimental animal research refers to keeping biological and environmental factors constant that may affect experimental findings. Thus, equivalent and comparable results are obtained when similar procedures are applied in another laboratory under the same constant conditions. The primary factors affecting standardization are the sum of the intra-experimental and inter-experimental variations. Experiments are affected by these sources of variation and lead to different findings. The main purpose of standardization is to reduce variations in the experiment. Reducing variations statistically minimizes the number of animals used in studies and increases animal welfare. In addition, lowering variations prevents wasted time and money. Standardized experiments enable repeatability, interlaboratory comparability, and scientific reliability. Planning the experimental process management under the research hypothesis, minimizing the bias in the procedures, and specifying the improvement techniques applied to the research, if any, increase the quality of scientific research. With the standardization applied since the experimental design in experimental animal research, qualified research increases and contributes to scientific progress. Therefore, this review aims to emphasize the importance of controlling the environment, housing, feeding conditions, and experimental methods used in the standardization of animal experiments in the light of current paradigms, to raise awareness on this issue, to determine the effects of standardized or non-standardized experiments on animal welfare and research results reveal its effects.

Keywords

Animal Research, Standardization, Laboratory Animal Science

Deney Hayvanları Araştırmalarında Standardizasyonun Yeri ve Önemi: Geleneksel Derleme

Abstract

Preklinik çalışmalar, tıp bilimlerinin farklı disiplinlerdeki birçok araştırmanın temelini oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmaların önemli bir bölümünde yer alan deney hayvanları; biyolojik, fizyolojik ve patolojik mekanizmaları anlamak, sistem yanıtlarını incelemek ve türler arasındaki ilişkileri ortaya çıkarmak için kullanılan canlı organizmalardır. Deney hayvanları araştırmalarında standardizasyon, deneysel bulgulara etki eden biyolojik ve çevresel faktörlerin benzer olmasını ifade eder. Böylece, benzer araştırma prosedürleri sabit koşullarda bir başka laboratuvarda uygulandığında, eşdeğer ve birbiri ile karşılaştırılabilir sonuçların alınması sağlanır. Standardizasyonu etkileyen öncelikli faktörler, deney içi ve deneyler arası varyasyonların bütünü olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu varyasyon kaynakları ile deneyler etkilenir ve farklı bulguların ortaya çıkmasına sebep olur. Standardizasyonun asıl amacı, deneydeki varyasyonları azaltmaktır. Varyasyonların azaltılması istatistiksel olarak çalışmalarda kullanılan hayvan sayısının azaltılmasını ve hayvan refahının artmasını sağlar. Ayrıca, varyasyonların azaltılması zaman ve para israfını da önler. Standardize deneyler; tekrar edilebilirliğe, laboratuvarlar arası karşılaştırılabilirliğe ve bilimsel güvenilirliğe olanak sağlar. Araştırmanın hipotezine uygun deneysel süreç yönetiminin planlanması, prosedürlerdeki yanlılığın en aza indirilmesi, eğer varsa araştırmaya uygulanan iyileştirme tekniklerinin belirtilmesi bilimsel araştırmaların kalitesini artırır. Deney hayvanları araştırmalarında deneysel tasarımdan itibaren uygulanan standardizasyon ile nitelikli araştırmalar artar, bilimsel ilerlemeye katkı sağlar. Dolayısıyla bu derlemenin amacı, güncel paradigmalar ışığında hayvan deneylerinin standartlaştırılmasında, kullanılan deney hayvanlarının çevre, barınma, beslenme koşullarının ve uygulanan deneysel yöntemlerin sabit tutulması ile kontrol altına alınmasının önemini vurgulamak, bu konuda farkındalık yaratmak ve standardize olan ya da olmayan deneylerin hayvan refahı ve araştırma sonuçları üzerindeki etkilerini ortaya koymaktır.

Keywords

Hayvan Araştırmaları, Standardizasyon, Laboratuvar Hayvanları Bilimi

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