Histopathological Analysis of Kidney and Liver in the Prevention Model of Exercise and Three Types of Diet-Induced Ulcerative Colitis

Year 2023, Volume: 49 Issue: 2, 161 - 175, 08.09.2023

Rüstem Ateşoğlu , Gülben Akcan , Sevil Çaylı , Mehmet Salih Kaya , Farhri Bayıroğlu

https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.1280195

Abstract

Exercise is a type of physiological stress that has an impact on the concentration of different cytokines, hormones in the maintenance and enhancement of people's health. Exercise also influences energy balance by metabolizing large quantities of substrates. For the first time, our lab's combination of high carbohydrate (HC+colitis), high protein (HP+colitis) and high fat (HF+colitis) nutrition with swimming exercise showed a protective effect against the onset of ulcerative colitis. As a consequence of the investigation, an answer to the question of how the metabolic relationship brought about by the application of exercise and various dietary components impacts liver and kidney enzymes and health was sought in this study. Microvesicular steatosis was discovered in the liver tissues of all groups when the data were analyzed, however there were statisticaly significant differences between the groups following exercise. There was no discernible change in the groups kidney histology when the glomerular area, hyaline material deposition, interstitial inflammation, medullary congestion, cortical congestion were assessed. When comparing the HP+colitis groups, a statistically significant increase in Bowman's distance was seen in the kidney histology. The exercise groups had greater levels of immunoactivity for the apoptosis and autophagy markers. In contrast to the exercise groups, it was seen that the ALT, AST, and ALP values rose in the HP+colitis, HF+colitis, and HC+colitis groups. When all the data were analyzed, it was discovered that the E+HC+colitis group had serum ALT, AST, ALP, BUN, creatinine, albumin levels, and histopathology that were the most similar to the control group.

Keywords

apoptosis, cleave caspase 3, cleave caspase 9, autophagy, p62, LC3b, rat, liver, kidney, diet rich in fat, carbohydrates and protein.

Project Number

2438

Egzersiz ve Üç Tip Diyetle İndüklenen Ülseratif Kolitten Korunma Modelinin Böbrek ve Karaciğer Üzerindeki Histopatolojik İncelenmesi Apoptoz ve Otofaji İndeksleri

Abstract

Egzersiz, bireylerin sağlığının korunması ve geliştirilmesinde, çeşitli sitokinlerin, hormonların, büyüme faktörlerinin ve oksidatif stresin konsantrasyonunu etkileyen bir tür fizyolojik strestir. Ek olarak egzersiz, karbonhidratlar ve serbest yağ asitleri gibi yüksek miktarlardaki substratları harekete geçirerek ve metabolize ederek enerji dengesini etkiler. Tüm bu faktörlerin potansiyel olarak apoptoza veya otofaji ile hücresel hayatta kalmaya aracılık ettiği bilinmektedir. İlk kez grubumuz tarafından farklı beslenme uygulamaları (yüksek karbonhidrat (YK+kolit), yüksek protein (YP+kolit) ve yüksek yağlı (YY+kolit) beslenme), yüzme egzersizi ile kombine edilmiş ve egzersizin ülseratif kolit koruyucu etkisi ortaya konmuştur. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda bu çalışmada egzersiz ile farklı diyet bileşenlerinin (YP+kolit, YY+kolit ve YK+kolit) uygulanması sonucu ortaya çıkan metabolik ilişkinin karaciğer, böbrek enzimleri ile sağlığı nasıl etkilediği sorusuna yanıt aranmıştır. Bu çalışmada farklı diyet bileşenlerinin ve egzersizin, karaciğer ve böbrek üzerindeki etkisinin histopatolojik ve biyokimyasal analizler ile ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde tüm grupların karaciğer dokularında portal alan merkezinde mikroveziküler steatoz gözlenmiş ancak egzersiz sonrası gruplar arasında anlamlı azalışlar bulunmuştur. Tüm grupların böbrek histopatolojisi değerlendirildiğinde glomerüler alan, hiyalin madde birikimi, interstisyel inflamasyon, medüller konjesyon ve kortikal konjesyon açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır. Böbrek histopatolojisinde YP+kolit gruplarında Bowman aralığında artış istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Apoptoz (kaspaz 3 ve kaspaz 9) ve otofaji belirteçleri (p62 ve LC3B) immünaktiviteleri egzersiz gruplarında daha yüksek bulunmuştur. YP+kolit, YY+kolit ve YK+kolit gruplarında ALT, AST ve ALP değerlerinin arttığı ancak egzersiz gruplarında düşüş olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Tüm sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde E+YK+kolit grubu serum ALT, AST, ALP, BUN, kreatinin, albümin değerleri ve histopatolojisi ile kontrole en yakın grup olarak bulunmuştur.

Keywords

apoptoz, kaspaz 3, kaspaz 9, otofaji, p62, LC3b, sıçan, karaciğer, böbrek, yağ, karbonhidrat ve protein yönünden zengin diyet.

Supporting Institution

Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi

Project Number

2438

Thanks

Yazarlar bu projenin gerçekleşmesi için destek sağlayan Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi'ne teşekkür etmektedir.

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