Investigation of the Relationship between Sleep Quality and Nutritional Status in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes

Year 2024, Volume: 50 Issue: 1, 61 - 68, 17.05.2024

Gökçe Günsel Yıldırım , Ezgi Bellikci Koyu , Zeynep Altın , Emine Dedeler , Deniz Çatar

https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.1452684

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between sleep quality, dietary intake, anthropometric measurements and glycemic status in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The study was conducted on 190 participants with type 2 diabetes (65.3% women) who applied to HSU Izmir Tepecik Education and Research hospital in Izmir. The nutritional status of the participants was assessed by 24-hour dietary record, sleep quality was assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and glycaemic status was assessed by fasting blood glucose and Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Body weight, height, waist and hip circumference were measured and waist/height ratio and body mass index were calculated. Half (n=95) of the individuals with diabetes had poor sleep quality and the rate of women with poor sleep quality was higher than men (p=0.015). No significant difference was found between macronutrient or micronutrient intakes of individuals according to the sleep quality. When the relationship between anthropometric measurements and PSQI components was analysed, positive correlations were found between BMI and sleep disorders (r=0.177, p=0.014), sleep medication use (r=0.183, p=0.012) and PSQI global score (r=0.153, p=0.035). In addition, there were weak positive correlations between waist circumference and sleep disorders (r=0.168, p=0.021) and sleep medication use (r=0.202, p=0.005) and between hip circumference and sleep medication use (r=0.155, p=0.033) and daytime dysfunction (r=0.154, p=0.034). Positive correlations were also found between waist/height ratio and sleep disorders (r=0.220, p=0.002), sleep medication use (r=0.207, p=0.004) and PSQI global score (r=0.160, p=0.028). No significant relationship was found between energy intake, fasting blood glucose and HbA1c values and sleep quality and its components. In this study, it was revealed that poor sleep quality is common in individuals with diabetes and obesity and abdominal obesity are associated with sleep quality.

Keywords

type 2 diabetes, sleep quality, nutritional status, anthropometric measurements, glycemic control

Tip 2 Diyabetli Bireylerde Uyku Kalitesi ve Beslenme Durumu Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı tip 2 diyabetli bireylerde uyku kalitesi, besin tüketimi, antropometrik ölçümler ve glisemik durum arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesidir. Araştırma SBÜ İzmir Tepecik Eğitim Araştırma hastanesine başvuran tip 2 diyabetli 190 birey (%65.3 kadın) ile yürütülmüştür. Katılımcıların beslenme durumları 24-saatlik geriye dönük besin tüketim kaydı, uyku kaliteleri Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi (PUKİ), glisemik durumları ise açlık kan glukozu ve Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Katılımcıların vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu, bel ve kalça çevresi ölçülmüş, bel/boy oranı ve beden kütle indeksi hesaplanmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan diyabetli bireylerin yarısının (n=95) kötü uyku kalitesine sahip olduğu ve uyku kalitesi kötü olan kadınların oranının erkeklere göre daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir (p=0.015). Katılımcılar iyi ya da kötü uyku kalitesine göre sınıflandırıldığında, makro ya da mikro besin ögeleri alımları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmamıştır. Antropometrik ölçümlerin PUKİ ve bileşenleri ile ilişkisi incelendiğinde, BKİ ile uyku bozuklukları (r=0177, p=0.014), uyku ilacı kullanımı (r=0.183, p=0.012) ve PUKİ global skoru arasında (r=0.153, p=0.035), bel çevresi ile uyku bozuklukları (r=0.168, p=0.021) ve uyku ilacı kullanımı arasında (r=0.202, p=0.005), kalça çevresi ile uyku ilacı kullanımı (r=0.155, p=0.033) ve gündüz işlev bozukluğu arasında (r=0.154, p=0.034) zayıf pozitif korelasyon saptanmıştır. Bel/boy oranı ile uyku bozuklukları (r=0.220, p=0.002), uyku ilacı kullanımı (r=0.207, p=0.004) ve PUKİ global skoru (r=0.160, p=0.028) arasında da zayıf pozitif korelasyon belirlenmiştir. Enerji alımı, açlık kan glukozu ve HbA1c değerleri ile uyku kalitesi ve bileşenleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmamıştır. Bu araştırmada, diyabetli bireylerde kötü uyku kalitesinin yaygın olduğu, obezitenin ve abdominal obezitenin uyku kalitesi ile ilişkili olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.

Keywords

tip 2 diyabet, uyku kalitesi, beslenme durumu, antropometrik ölçüm, glisemik kontrol

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