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DIŞA AÇIKLIĞIN EMEK VERİMLİLİĞİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ

Year 2015, Issue: 4, 27 - 38, 25.11.2015

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'de dışa açıklığın emek verimliliği üzerindeki etkisi eş-bütünleşme yöntemi yardımıyla, 2000: Q2 - 2013: Q3 dönemi verileri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın ampirik bulgularına göre, uzun dönemde, dışa açıklık ile emek verimliliği arasında doğrusal bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Modelin hata düzeltme teriminin -0,775 bulunmuş olması, kısa dönem sapmalarının her dönem % 77,5 oranında uzun dönem denge düzeyine yakınsayacağı anlamına gelmektedir.Bir ekonomide büyümenin gerçekleşmesindeki en önemli faktörlerin başında toplam faktör verimliliği gelmektedir. Nüfus artış hızının yüksek olduğu ya da gizli işsizliğin yaygın olduğu ülkelerde toplam faktör verimliliğinin belirlenmesinde özellikle emek faktörü önemli bir konuma sahiptir. Emeğin marjinal verimliliği artırılmadığı sürece faktör verimliliğinde dikkate değer iyileşmeleri elde etmek kolay değildir. Bu yüzden, özelleştirme uygulamalarında verimlilik artışları genellikle emek faktöründen başlatılarak sağlanır.

References

  • • ANDERSON, L., (2001), "Openness and Total Factor Productivity in Swedish Manufacturing, 1980-1995", Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, s. 137 , ss. 690-713.
  • • AYTEMİZ, K. S., (2006), “Ticaretin Serbestleşmesi ve Türkiye İmalat Sanayinde Toplam Faktör Verimliliği”, Gazi Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, c.7/2, ss.71-93.
  • • BALASSA, B., (1978), "Exports and Economic Growth: Further Evidence", Journal of Development Economics, c. 5, s. 2, ss. 181-189.
  • • BALASSA, B., (1985), "Exports, Policy Choices and Economic Growth in Developing Countries After the 1973 Oil Shocks", J. Development Economic, c. 18, ss. 23-35.
  • • BALASSA, B., (1988), "The Lessons of the Asian Development: An Overview", Economic Development & Cultural Change, c. 36, s. 3, ss. 273-290.
  • • BANDINGER, H. ve BREUSS, F., (2008), "Trade and Productivity: An Industry Perspective", Empirica, ss. 1-19.
  • • DICKEY, D. ve FULLER, W. A., (1979), “Distribution of the Estimates for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root”, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74:427-431.
  • • EDWARDS, S., (1998), "Openness, Productivity and Growth: What Do We Really Know?", The Economic Journal, s.108, ss. 383-398.
  • • ENDERS, W., (1995), Applied Econometric Time Series, John Willey and Song, Inc.
  • • ENGLE, R. F. ve GRANGER, C. W., (1987), "Co-integration and Error Correction Representation, Estimation, and Testing", Econometrica, s.55, ss. 251-276.
  • • GILES, J. A. ve WILLIAMS, C. L., (2000), "Export-Led Growth: A Survey of the Empirical Literature and Some Non-Causality Results (Part I)", Journal of International Trade and Economic Development, c. 9, s. 3. ss.261-337.
  • • GRANGER, C. W. J. ve NEWBOLD, P., (1974), "Spurious Regressions in Econometrics", Journal of Econometrics, c. 2, s. 2, ss. 111-120.
  • • GRANGER, C. W. J., (1988), “Some Recent Developments in a Concept of Causality”, Journal of Econometrics, 39:199-211.
  • • GUJARATİ, D. N., (1999), Basic Econometrics, Mc Graw Hill, Litaratür Yayıncılık, 3 rd edition, İstanbul.
  • • GÜNGÖR, B. ve KURT, S., (2007), "Dışa Açıklık ve Kalkınma İlişkisi (1968-2003): Türkiye Örneği", İktisadi İdari Bilimler Dergisi, c. 21, s. 2, ss.197-210.
  • • JOHANSEN, S., (1988), "Statistical Analysis of Cointegration Vectors", Journal of Economic Dynamic and Control, s.12, ss. 231-254.
  • • JOHANSEN, S., (1995), Likelihood Based Inference in Cointegrating Vector Autoregressive Models, NewYork: Oxford University Press.
  • • JOHANSEN, S. ve JUSELIUS K., (1990), “Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Inference on Cointegration with Application to the Deman for Money”, Oxford Bulletin of Economic and Statistics, s.52, ss. 169-210.
  • • KAVOUSSI, R. M., (1984), "Export Expansion and Economic Growth: Further Empirical Evidence", Journal of Development Economics, s. 14, ss. 241-250.
  • • KURT, S. ve TERZİ, H., (2007), "İmalat Sanayi Dış Ticareti Verimlilik ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi", Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 21, s.1, ss. 25-46.
  • • MILLER, S. M. ve UPADHYAY, M. P., (2000), "The Effects of Openness, Trade Orientation and Human Capital on Total Factor Productivity", Journal of Development Economics, c. 63, ss. 399-423.
  • • MILLER, S. M. ve UPADHYAY, M. P., (2002), "Total Factor Productivity, Human Capital and Outward Orientation: Differences by Stage of development and Geographic Regions", Economics Working Papers, ss. 1-36.
  • • PANAS, E. ve VAMVOUKAS, G., (2002), "Further Evidence on the Export-led Growth Hypothesis", Applied Economic Letters, ss. 731-745.
  • • PAUL, S. ve MARKS, A., (2009), "Modelling Productivity Effects of Trade Openness: A Dual Approach", Australian Economıc Papers, ss. 105-123.
  • • TYLER, W. G., (1981), "Growth and Export Expansion in Developing Countries: Some Empirical Evidence", Journal of Development Economics, s. 9, ss. 121-130.

THE IMPACT OF OPEN ECONOMY ON LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY: TURKISH CASE

Year 2015, Issue: 4, 27 - 38, 25.11.2015

Abstract

In this study, the impact of open economy on labour productivity in Turkey is analyzed by means of co integration method with 2000: Q2 - 2013: Q3 period data. According to the empirical evidence of the study, a linear relationship is determined between open economy and labour productivity in the long term. The error-correcting code of the model is found -0,775, which means that short term deviations would converge each period to long term balance level at 77,5 % ratio. 

In this study, the impact of open economy on labour productivity in Turkey is analyzed by means of co integration method with 2000: Q2 - 2013: Q3 period data. According to the empirical evidence of the study, a linear relationship is determined between open economy and labour productivity in the long term. The error-correcting code of the model is found -0,775, which means that short term deviations would converge each period to long term balance level at 77,5 % ratio. 

References

  • • ANDERSON, L., (2001), "Openness and Total Factor Productivity in Swedish Manufacturing, 1980-1995", Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, s. 137 , ss. 690-713.
  • • AYTEMİZ, K. S., (2006), “Ticaretin Serbestleşmesi ve Türkiye İmalat Sanayinde Toplam Faktör Verimliliği”, Gazi Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, c.7/2, ss.71-93.
  • • BALASSA, B., (1978), "Exports and Economic Growth: Further Evidence", Journal of Development Economics, c. 5, s. 2, ss. 181-189.
  • • BALASSA, B., (1985), "Exports, Policy Choices and Economic Growth in Developing Countries After the 1973 Oil Shocks", J. Development Economic, c. 18, ss. 23-35.
  • • BALASSA, B., (1988), "The Lessons of the Asian Development: An Overview", Economic Development & Cultural Change, c. 36, s. 3, ss. 273-290.
  • • BANDINGER, H. ve BREUSS, F., (2008), "Trade and Productivity: An Industry Perspective", Empirica, ss. 1-19.
  • • DICKEY, D. ve FULLER, W. A., (1979), “Distribution of the Estimates for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root”, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74:427-431.
  • • EDWARDS, S., (1998), "Openness, Productivity and Growth: What Do We Really Know?", The Economic Journal, s.108, ss. 383-398.
  • • ENDERS, W., (1995), Applied Econometric Time Series, John Willey and Song, Inc.
  • • ENGLE, R. F. ve GRANGER, C. W., (1987), "Co-integration and Error Correction Representation, Estimation, and Testing", Econometrica, s.55, ss. 251-276.
  • • GILES, J. A. ve WILLIAMS, C. L., (2000), "Export-Led Growth: A Survey of the Empirical Literature and Some Non-Causality Results (Part I)", Journal of International Trade and Economic Development, c. 9, s. 3. ss.261-337.
  • • GRANGER, C. W. J. ve NEWBOLD, P., (1974), "Spurious Regressions in Econometrics", Journal of Econometrics, c. 2, s. 2, ss. 111-120.
  • • GRANGER, C. W. J., (1988), “Some Recent Developments in a Concept of Causality”, Journal of Econometrics, 39:199-211.
  • • GUJARATİ, D. N., (1999), Basic Econometrics, Mc Graw Hill, Litaratür Yayıncılık, 3 rd edition, İstanbul.
  • • GÜNGÖR, B. ve KURT, S., (2007), "Dışa Açıklık ve Kalkınma İlişkisi (1968-2003): Türkiye Örneği", İktisadi İdari Bilimler Dergisi, c. 21, s. 2, ss.197-210.
  • • JOHANSEN, S., (1988), "Statistical Analysis of Cointegration Vectors", Journal of Economic Dynamic and Control, s.12, ss. 231-254.
  • • JOHANSEN, S., (1995), Likelihood Based Inference in Cointegrating Vector Autoregressive Models, NewYork: Oxford University Press.
  • • JOHANSEN, S. ve JUSELIUS K., (1990), “Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Inference on Cointegration with Application to the Deman for Money”, Oxford Bulletin of Economic and Statistics, s.52, ss. 169-210.
  • • KAVOUSSI, R. M., (1984), "Export Expansion and Economic Growth: Further Empirical Evidence", Journal of Development Economics, s. 14, ss. 241-250.
  • • KURT, S. ve TERZİ, H., (2007), "İmalat Sanayi Dış Ticareti Verimlilik ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi", Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 21, s.1, ss. 25-46.
  • • MILLER, S. M. ve UPADHYAY, M. P., (2000), "The Effects of Openness, Trade Orientation and Human Capital on Total Factor Productivity", Journal of Development Economics, c. 63, ss. 399-423.
  • • MILLER, S. M. ve UPADHYAY, M. P., (2002), "Total Factor Productivity, Human Capital and Outward Orientation: Differences by Stage of development and Geographic Regions", Economics Working Papers, ss. 1-36.
  • • PANAS, E. ve VAMVOUKAS, G., (2002), "Further Evidence on the Export-led Growth Hypothesis", Applied Economic Letters, ss. 731-745.
  • • PAUL, S. ve MARKS, A., (2009), "Modelling Productivity Effects of Trade Openness: A Dual Approach", Australian Economıc Papers, ss. 105-123.
  • • TYLER, W. G., (1981), "Growth and Export Expansion in Developing Countries: Some Empirical Evidence", Journal of Development Economics, s. 9, ss. 121-130.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Osman Peker

Sami Özdil This is me

Publication Date November 25, 2015
Submission Date November 25, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Peker, O., & Özdil, S. (2015). DIŞA AÇIKLIĞIN EMEK VERİMLİLİĞİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ. Verimlilik Dergisi(4), 27-38.

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