Post-Seküler Çağda Parti Değişimi: Türkiye’de Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi Örneği

Year 2023, , 107 - 125, 27.12.2023

İlkim Özdikmenli Çelikoğlu

https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.1380444

Abstract

Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (CHP) günümüzde hükümet partisi Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi (AKP) karşısında Türkiye’nin ana muhalefet partisi konumundadır. CHP genellikle “katı” bir laiklik anlayışıyla özdeşleştirilmekle birlikte parti yaklaşık son on yılda Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu liderliğinde bir düşünsel değişim sürecinden geçmiştir. Bu çalışma, CHP’nin daha “yumuşak” bir laiklik anlayışına geçişini tasvir etmeyi ve açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır. Parti değişimi literatürünün önermeleri ışığında, bir iç ve iki dış faktör üzerinde durulmaktadır. İç faktör olan lider değişikliğinin etkisi, Kılıçdaroğlu tarafından başlatılan büyük stratejik ve düşünsel değişikliklere atıfla incelenmektedir. Dışsal faktörlerin ilki, yurttaşlık ve farklılıklar arasında yeni bir denge kurulması düşüncesi ve pratiğine işaret eden, dinsel savların ve imajların kamusal alanda daha fazla yer almasına izin veren post-sekülarizmin küresel ve yerel hegemonyasıdır. İkinci olarak, Türkiye’de başkanlık sistemine geçiş, CHP’nin kişiselleştirilmiş bir kazanan her şeyi alır oyununda muhafazakar partilerle seçim ittifakı kurma arayışına girmesine neden olmuş ve onu kolaylaştırmıştır. Bu faktörlerin CHP’yi klasik laiklik modeline bağlılığın yenilenmiş parti hedefi olan oy maksimizasyonunu gerçekleştirmedeki etkililiğini gözden geçirmeye ittiği öne sürülmektedir. Çalışmada ayrıca parti üzerindeki tersine basınç da ele alınacak ve partinin yakın gelecekteki eğilimleri öngörülmeye çalışılacaktır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi, Laiklik, Post-Seküler Toplum, Parti Değişimi
JEL Sınıflandırması: Z1, D72, Y80

Keywords

Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi, Laiklik, Post-Seküler Toplum, Parti Değişimi

Party Change in the Post-Secular Age: The Case of Republican People’s Party in Turkey

Abstract

The Republican People's Party (RPP) of Turkey is currently the main opposition party against the ruling Justice and Development Party (JDP). While the RPP has usually been identified with a “rigid” understanding of secularism, the party has been experiencing a process of ideational change for more than a decade under the leadership of Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu. This study aims to describe and explain the party’s shift to a “softer” version of secularism. Under the light of party change literature, one internal and two external factors are identified. The impact of leadership change, the internal factor, is examined with reference to major strategic and ideational changes initiated by Kılıçdaroğlu. The first major external stimulus is the global and local hegemony of post-secularism, which refers to the idea and practice of a new balance between citizenship and difference, allowing a greater space for religious arguments and images in the public sphere. The second is the transition to presidential system in Turkey, which both forced and facilitated the RPP’s search for electoral alliances with conservative parties in a personalized winner-takes-all game. It is claimed that these factors have made the RPP reassess the effectiveness of its commitment to classical secularism in meeting the renewed party goal of vote maximization. Reverse pressures on the party will also be examined in the article, with an aim of foreseeing the RPP’s leaning in the near future.
Key Words: Republican People’s Party, Secularism, Post-Secular Society, Party Change
JEL Classification: Z1, D72, Y80

Keywords

Republican People’s Party, Secularism, Post-Secular Society, Party Change

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