Travel Motivations and the Satisfaction Levels of the Tourists Walking the Lycian Way

Year 2016, , 817 - 836, 28.12.2016

Yılmaz Akgündüz , Gaye Kızılcalıoğlu

https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.281972

Cited By: 4

Abstract

This study aims to determine the demographics, travel
motivations, general satisfaction levels and future behavioral intentions of
the tourists walking The Lycian Way. The data collected in the scope of the
study were obtained from the tourists who walked in The Lycian Way in the
March-April 2014 period by using the convenience sampling method with the
questionnaires. The questionnaires were designed to determine the travel
motivations, satisfaction levels and demographic characteristics of the
tourists in three parts each of which containing expressions to define the
abovementioned properties. At the end of the field study, 407 valid questionnaires
were attained. As a result of the correlation and regression analyses;
performed to test the hypothesis, it has been determined that the travel
motivations of the tourists walking in The Lycian Way could be examined under
the titles such as socializing and self-realization, traveling independently,
knowing the world, searching for experience and quietness. It has also been
determined that socializing and self-realization motivation affects the general
satisfaction level positively. It has been observed that the general
satisfaction level has a negative effect on the intention of revisiting the
same place and on the intention of recommending it to other people. 

Keywords

The Lycian Way, Travel Motivation, Tourist Satisfaction, Destination Loyalty

Likya Yolu’nu Yürüyen Turistlerin Seyahat Motivasyonları ve Memnuniyet Düzeyleri

Abstract

Bu çalışma ile Likya Yolu’nu yürüyen turistlerin
demografik özellikleri, seyahat motivasyonları, genel
memnuniyet düzeyleri ve geleceğe yönelik davranışsal niyetlerinin belirlenmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında veriler, kolayda örneklemi yöntemi tercih edilerek
Mart-Nisan 2014 döneminde Likya Yolu’nu yürüyen turistlerden anket formu
aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Söz konusu anket formu turistlerin seyahat
motivasyonlarını, memnuniyet düzeylerini ve demografik özelliklerini
belirlemeye yönelik ifadelerin yer aldığı üç bölüm olarak tasarlanmıştır. Alan
araştırması sonunda 407 geçerli ankete ulaşılmıştır. Hipotezleri test etmek
için yapılan korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri sonucunda; Likya Yolu’nu yürüyen turistlerin
seyahat motivasyonlarının sosyalleşme ve kendini gerçekleştirme, bağımsız
seyahat etme, dünyayı tanıma, deneyim arayışı ve sakinlik arayışı olarak
incelenebileceği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca sosyalleşme ve kendini
gerçekleştirme motivasyonunun turistlerin genel memnuniyet düzeyini pozitif
olarak etkilediği; genel memnuniyet düzeyinin ise turistlerin tekrar ziyaret
etme ve tavsiye etme niyeti üzerinde negatif bir etkiye sahip olduğu
belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Likya Yolu, Seyahat Motivasyonu, Turist Memnuniyeti, Destinasyon Sadakati

References

• Al-Majali, M.M. (2012). International Tourist Satisfaction. International Business Research. 5 (9): 210-216.
• Alrousan, R.M. & Abuamoud, I.M. (2013). The Mediation of Tourists Satisfaction on The Relationship Between Tourism Service Quality and Tourists Loyalty: Five Stars Hotel in Jordanian Environment. International Business Research. 6 (8): 79-90.
• Baker, D.A. & Crompton, J.L. (2000). Quality, Satisfaction and Behavioral Intentions. Annals of Tourism Research. 27 (3): 785-804.
• Bayuk, M. N. & Küçük, F. (2007). Müşteri Tatmini ve Müşteri Sadakati İlişkisi. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 22 (1): 285-292.
• Bogoro, P., Maimako, S.S. & Kurfi, A.F. (2013). Assessing The Role of Infrastructure on Customer Satisfaction with National Parks in North East Nigeria International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, 4 (10): 826-843.
• Bowen, D. & Clarke, J. (2009). Contemporary Tourist Behaviour Yourself and Others As Tourists. Oxford: Cab International.
• Božić, S. & Berić, D. (2013). Tourist Valorization of Cultural Route The Trail of The Roman Emperors. European Researcher, 55, 7 (2): 1902-1913.
• Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi El Kitabı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
• Cam, T. (2011). Explaining Tourist Satisfaction and Intention to Revisit (Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Nha Trang: Nha Trang Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
• Chen, C. & Chen, F. (2010). Experience Quality, Perceived Value, Satisfaction and Behavioral Intentions for Heritage Tourists. Tourism Management, 31, 29-35.
• Damijanić, A.T. & Šergo, Z. (2013). Determining Travel Motivations of Wellness Tourism. İçinde D. Benic (Editör) Ekonomic Thought and Practice (ss. 3-18). Dubrovnik: Periodical of The University of Dubrovnik.
• Dann, G.M.S. (1977). Anomie, Ego-Enhancement and Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 4 (4): 184-194.
• Demir, Ş.Ş. (2010a). Çekici Faktörlerin Destinasyon Seçimine Etkisi: Dalyan Örneği. Ege Akademik Bakış Dergisi, 10 (3): 1041-1054.
• Demir, Ş.Ş. (2010b). Tatil Satın Alma Sürecinde İtici Faktörler, Bilgi Arama ve Memnuniyet İlişkisi: Yerli Turistler Üzerine Bir Araştırma, İşletme ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1 (4): 119-132.
• Devesa, M., Laguna, M. & Palacios, A. (2010). The Role of Motivation in Visitor Satisfaction: Empirical Evidence in Rural Tourism. Tourism Management. 31, 547-552.
• Dolnicar, S. & Le, H. (2008). Segmenting Tourists Based on Satisfaction and Satisfaction Patterns. İçinde A. Yüksel (Editör) Tourist Satisfaction and Complaining Behaviour: Measurement and Management Issues in The Tourism and Hospitality Industry (ss. 186-204). New York: Nova Science Publishing.
• Duman, T. & Öztürk, A.B. (2005). Yerli Turistlerin Mersin Kızkalesi Destinasyonu ve Tekrar Ziyaret Niyetleri ile İlgili Algılamaları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 16 (1): 9-23.
• Ekiz, E.H. & Köker, N.E. (2012). Destinasyon Tatmininin Belirleyicileri: Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti’ni Ziyaret Eden Yabancı Turistlerin Algılamaları. Küresel İletişim Dergisi, 2 (4): 45-63.
• Evren, S. & Kozak, N. (2012). Eskişehir’in Çekici Faktörlerinin Günübirlik Ziyaretçilerin Bakış Açılarıyla Değerlendirilmesi, Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 23 (2): 220-232.
• Finn, A., Wang, L. & Frank, T. (2007). Attribute perceptions, customer satisfaction and ıntention to recommend e-services. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 23, 209–220.
• Francis, C. (2003). Tourism overview. İçinde B. Lubbe (Editör) Tourism Management in Southern Africa (ss.29-69). Cape Town: Maskew Miller Longman.
• Hair, J.F., Black, B., Babin, B., Anderson, R.E. & Tatham, R. L. (2009). Multivariate Data Analysis. New York: Pearson Prentice Hall.
• Harman, S. (2012). Sırtçantalı Turistlerin Seyahat Motivasyonları ve İlgilenimleri: İstanbul’a Gelen Sırtçantalı Turistler Üzerinde Bir Araştırma. (Basılmamış Doktora Tezi) Çanakkale: Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
• Heitmann, S. (2010). Tourist Behaviour and Tourism Motivation. İçinde P. Robinson, S. Heitmann ve P. Dieke (Editörler), Research Themes for Tourism (ss. 31-44). Oxford: Cab International.
• Hosany, S. & Prayag, G. (2011). Patterns of Tourists’ Emotional Responses, Satisfaction, and Intention to Recommend. Journal of Business Research. 30, 1-7.
• Hosany, S. & Prayag, G. (2013). Patterns of tourists' emotional responses, satisfaction, and intention to recommend. Journal of Business Research, 66, 730–737.
• Hsu, C.H.C. & Huang, S. (2008). Travel Motivation: A Critical Review of The Concept’s Development. İçinde A. Woodside ve D. Martin (Editörler), Tourism Management Analysis, Behaviour and Strategy (ss.14-27). Oxford: Cab International.
• Huh, J. (2002). Tourist Satisfaction with Cultural/Heritage Sites: The Virginia Historic Triangle. (Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi) Virginia: State Üniversitesi Virginia Politeknik Enstitüsü.
• Hummelbrunner, R. & Miglbauer, E. (1994). Tourism promotion and potential in Peripheral Areas: The Austrian case. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2, 41-50.
• Jang, S. & Wu, C.E. (2006). Seniors’ Travel Motivation and The Influential Factors: An Examination of Taiwanese Seniors. Tourism Management. 27, 306-316.
• Jang, S.S. & Feng, R. (2007). Temporal destination revisit intention: The effects of novelty seeking and satisfaction, Tourism Management 28, 580–590.
• Jones, T.O. & Sasser, W.E. (1995). Why Satisfied Customers Defect. Harvard Business Review, 6838, 1-14.
• Jönsson, C. & Devonish, D. (2008). Does Nationality, Gender and Age Affect Travel Motivation: A Case of Visitors to The Caribbean Island of Barbados. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing. 25 (3-4): 398-408.
• Kasim, A., Dzakiria, H., Park, C., Azila, N., Nor, M. & Mokhtar, F.M. vd. (2013). Predictors of Travel Motivations: The Case of Domestic Tourists to Island Destinations in Northwest of Malaysia. Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism Research, 24 (2): 188-205.
• Klenosky, D.B. (2002). The Pull of Tourism Destinations: A Mean-end Investigation. Journal of Travel Research, 40 (4): 385-395.
• Kotler, P., Armstrong, G., Wong, V. & Saunders, T. (2008). Principles of marketing. Harlow: Pearson Education.
• Kozak, M. (2002). Comparative Analysis of Tourist Motivations by Nationality and Destinations. Tourism Management, 23, 221-232.
• Kozak, M. & Rimmington, M. (2000). Tourist Satisfaction with Mallorca, Spain as An Off-Season Holiday Destination. Journal of Travel Research, 38, 260-269.
• Latu, T.M. & Everett, A.M. (2000). Review of Satisfaction Research and Measurement Approaches (Tech. Rep. No. 183). Dunedin, New Zealand: University of Otago, Department of Management.
• Ma, B. (2010). A Trip Into the Controversy: A Study of Slum Tourism Travel Motivations. İçinde P. Conn (Chair), Undergraduate Humanities Forum Research. University of Pennsylvania Humanities Forum, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
• McIntosh, R.W., Goeldner, C.R. & Ritchie, J.R.B. (1995). Tourism Principles, Practices, Philosophies. New York: Wiley.
• Meng, F., Tepanon, Y. & Uysal M. (2008). Measuring Tourist Satisfaction by Attribute and Motivation: The Case of Nature-Based Resort. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 14 (1): 41-55.
• Meyer, D. (2004). Tourism Routes and Gateways: Key Issues for The Development of Tourism Routes and Gateways and Their Potential for Pro-poor Tourism. Sheffield Hallam Üniversitesi, Deniz Aşırı Kalkınma Enstitüsü’nden 10 Mayıs 2014 tarihinde www.odi.org.uk/resources/docs/4040.pdf internet sitesinden edinilmiştir.
• Mlozi, S. & Pesamaa, O. (2013). Adventure Tourist Destination Choice in Tanzania. Current Issues in Tourism,16 (1): 63-95.
• Mohammad, B.A.A. & Som, A.P.M. (2010). An Analysis of Push and Pull Travel Motivations of Foreign Tourists to Jordan. International Journal of Business and Management, 5 (12): 41-50.
• Musai, M., Mahrera, M. & Arkadani, H.M. (2013). Motivational factors of travel to war places in Iran. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 3 (1): 314-323.
• Okello, M.M. & Yerian, S. (2009). Tourist Satisfaction in Relation to Attractions and Implications for Conservation in The Protected Areas of The Northern Circuit, Tanzania. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 17 (5): 605-625.
• O'Leary, S. & Deegan J. (2003). People, Pace, Place: Qualitative and Quantitative Images of Ireland as a Tourism Destination in France. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 9 (3): 213-226.
• Osman, Z. & Sentosa, M. (2013). Mediating Effect of Customer Satisfaction on Service Quality and Customer Loyalty Relationship in Malaysian Rural Tourism. International Journal of Economics Business and Management Studies, 2 (1): 25-37.
• Paris, C.M. & Teye, V. (2010). Backpacker Motivations: a Travel Career Approach. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 19 (3): 244-259.
• McIntosh, R.W., Goeldner, C.R. & Ritchie, J.R.B. (1995). Tourism Principles, Practices, Philosophies. New York: Wiley.
• Meng, F., Tepanon, Y. & Uysal M. (2008). Measuring Tourist Satisfaction by Attribute and Motivation: The Case of Nature-Based Resort. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 14 (1): 41-55.
• Meyer, D. (2004). Tourism Routes and Gateways: Key Issues for The Development of Tourism Routes and Gateways and Their Potential for Pro-poor Tourism. Sheffield Hallam Üniversitesi, Deniz Aşırı Kalkınma Enstitüsü’nden 10 Mayıs 2014 tarihinde www.odi.org.uk/resources/docs/4040.pdf internet sitesinden edinilmiştir.
• Mlozi, S. & Pesamaa, O. (2013). Adventure Tourist Destination Choice in Tanzania. Current Issues in Tourism,16 (1): 63-95.
• Mohammad, B.A.A. & Som, A.P.M. (2010). An Analysis of Push and Pull Travel Motivations of Foreign Tourists to Jordan. International Journal of Business and Management, 5 (12): 41-50.
• Musai, M., Mahrera, M. & Arkadani, H.M. (2013). Motivational factors of travel to war places in Iran. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 3 (1): 314-323.
• Okello, M.M. & Yerian, S. (2009). Tourist Satisfaction in Relation to Attractions and Implications for Conservation in The Protected Areas of The Northern Circuit, Tanzania. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 17 (5): 605-625.
• O'Leary, S. & Deegan J. (2003). People, Pace, Place: Qualitative and Quantitative Images of Ireland as a Tourism Destination in France. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 9 (3): 213-226.
• Osman, Z. & Sentosa, M. (2013). Mediating Effect of Customer Satisfaction on Service Quality and Customer Loyalty Relationship in Malaysian Rural Tourism. International Journal of Economics Business and Management Studies, 2 (1): 25-37.
• Paris, C.M. & Teye, V. (2010). Backpacker Motivations: a Travel Career Approach. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 19 (3): 244-259.
• Pearce, P. (1988) The Ulysses Factor: Evaluating Visitors in Tourist Settings. New York: Springer Verlag.
• Pearce, P.L. & Caltabiano, M. (1983). Inferring Travel Motivations from Travelers’ Experiences. Journal of Travel Research, 22 (2): 16-20.
• Pearce, P.L. & Lee, U. (2005). Developing The Travel Career Approach to Tourist Motivation. Journal of Travel Research, 43 (3): 226-237.
• Pesonen, J.A. (2012). Segmentation of Rural Tourists: Combining Pull and Push Motivations. Tourism and Hospitality Management, 18 (1): 69-82.
• Prayag, G. (2008). Image, Satisfaction and Loyalty The Case of Cape Town. Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 19 (2): 205-224.
• Prayag, G. (2009). Tourists’ Evaluations of Destination Image, Satisfaction and Future Behavioral Intentions The Case of Mauritius. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 26, 836-853.
• Prebensen, N. (2003). Tourist Satisfaction with a Destination: Antecedents and Consequences. Finnmark College Konaklama İşletmeciliği Departmanından (10 Mart 2014) tarihinde http://www.esade.edu/cedit2004/pdfs/52_Prebensen.pdf internet adresinden edinilmiştir.
• Sadeh, E., Asgari, F., Mousavi, L. & Sadeh, S. (2012). Factors Affecting Tourist Satisfaction and Its Consequences. Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, 2 (2): 1557-1560.
• Sangkaworn, C. & Mujtaba, B. G. (2010). Marketing Practices of Hotels and Resorts in Chiang Mai: A Study of Products, Pricing, and Promotional practices. Journal of Management and Marketing Research, 4(1): 165-183
• Song, H., Veen, R., Li, G. & Chen, J.L. (2011). The Hong Kong Tourist Satisfaction Index. Annals of Tourism Research, 39 (1): 459-479.
• Swarbrooke, J. & Horner, S. (2007). Consumer Behaviour in Tourism. Oxford: Elsevier.
• Terblanche, H. (2012). Travel Motives of Adventure Tourists: A Case Study of Mageobaskloof Adventures. (Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi) Potchefstroom: North-West Üniversitesi.
• Tidtichumrernporn, T., Janasak, S., Mujtaba, B.G., Khunsongkiet, P., Duangjai, N. & Bhawanantechanon, N. (2010). Measuring the Satisfaction of Domestic and International Tourists toward Lanna Cultural Tourism Products: A Study of Progress in Chiang Mai Walking Street Activities. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly, 1 (3): 31-52.
• Tomar, R.S. & Tomar, D.S. (2013). Measuring Foreign Traveler’s Satisfaction with Traveling Agencies in India. Journal of Business and Management, 12 (1): 26-32.
• Turgut, İ. & Clow, K. (2010). Likya Yolu’nda Yürümek. İstanbul: Mart Matbaacılık.
• Ural, A. & Kılıç, İ. (2006). Bilimsel Araştırma Süreci ve SPSS ile Veri Analizi. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
• Valle, P., Silva, J.A., Mendes, J. & Guerreiro, M. (2006). Tourist Satisfaction and Destination Loyalty Intention: A Structural and Categorical Analysis. International Journal of Business Science and Applied Management, 1 (1): 25-44.
• Weiler, B. & Ham, S. (2004). Relationship Between Tourist and Trip Characteristics and Visitor Satisfaction: A Case Study of The Panama Canal Watershed. Monash University Business and Economics, 59 (4): 1-11.
• Yoon, Y. & Uysal, M. (2005). An Examination of The Effects of Motivation and Satisfaction on Destination Loyalty: A Structural Model. Management Tourism, 26, 45-56.
• Yüksel, A.& Yüksel, F. (2008). Different Nationalities, Different Holiday, Motivations and Attribute-Seeking Patterns. İçinde A. Yüksel (Editör) Tourist Satisfaction and Complaining Behavior: Measurement and Management Issues in The Tourism and Hospitality Industry (ss.167-185). New York: Nova Science Publishers.