The Effect of Different Growing Periods and Nitrogen Fertilizers on Nitrogen Fractions and Nutrient Content of Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum L.)

Year 2019, Volume: 29 Issue: 3, 388 - 396, 30.09.2019

Bülent Yağmur , Bülent Okur , Özlem Tuncay Dursun Eşiyok

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.564237

Cited By: 4

Abstract

Nitrogen fertilization is the most preferred type
of fertilizer on garden cress because of causing to more developing of leaves
and better looking. However, as a result of this fertilization, nitrate and
nitrite accumulation may occur in the cress leaves. Nitrozo compounds which are
formed by binding nitrite and nitrate to other compounds are toxic and can
cause serious health problems. In this study; the effects of different months of
the year and nitrogen sources on garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) yield and accumulation of nitrate, nitrite and
total nitrogen and nutrient change in leaves were investigated during two
years. In both years, seeds were sown on the first days of September, October,
November, January, February and March. Three different nitrogen sources were
used Farmyard manure (100 ton ha^-1), Ca(NO₃)₂
and (NH₄)₂SO₄ (150
kg N·ha^-1). The experiment was carried out according to the
randomized plots design with three replicates and harvested at the time of 7-10
leaves of 90% of the leaves. Then, the nitrogen fractions of
the leaves and other nutrient contents and yield were determined. The sowing
time and the nitrogen source were significantly affected both yield and
nitrogen fractions of leaves in both years, but no effect on other nutrient
quantities was observed. The highest yields in both years were found in ammonia
and nitrate fertilizer applications in January and September, while the lowest
yields were found in March and November in farmyard application. The highest
nitrate, nitrite and total nitrogen values were determined in nitrate
fertilizer application.

Keywords

Nitrogen fertilizers, Lepidium sativum L, Nitrate-N, Nitrite-N, Yield

Farklı Ekim Zamanı ve Azotlu Gübre Uygulamalarının Tere (Lepidium sativum L.) Bitkisinin Azot Fraksiyonları ve Bitki Besin Maddesi İçeriğine Etkileri

Abstract

Azotlu
gübreleme, yaprakların gelişmesine ve bitkinin daha iyi görünmesine neden
olduğu için terede en çok tercih edilen gübreleme çeşididir. Fakat bu gübreleme
sonucu tere yapraklarında nitrat ve nitrit birikimi söz konusu olabilmektedir.
Nitrit ve nitritin başka bileşiklere bağlanmasıyla oluşan nitrozo bileşikleri
toksiktir ve insan bünyesinde ciddi sağlık sorunlarına neden olabilir. Bu
çalışmada da; tere bitkisinin (Lepidium sativum L.) farklı azot
formlarını içeren gübrelerle 2 yıl boyunca yetiştirilmesi sonucu
yapraklarındaki nitrat, nitrit ve toplam azot birikimi ile bitki besin
maddelerinin değişimi incelenmiştir. Sera çalışması olarak yürütülen denemede farklı
azot kaynakları olarak; çiftlik gübresi (100 ton/ha), Ca(NO₃)₂
(150 kg N/ha) ve (NH₄)₂SO₄
(150 kg N/ha) kullanılmıştır. Tere bitkisi Ocak’tan Mart’a ve Eylül’den Kasım’a
kadar olan aralıklarda her yıl toplam 6 ay yetiştirilmiştir. Tesadüf parselleri
deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülen denemede tere yapraklarının
% 90’ı 7-10 adet yaprak olduğu anda hasat edilmiş ve yaprakların azot
fraksiyonları ile diğer besin madde içerikleri ve verimi saptanmıştır. Ekim
zamanı ve uygulanan azot kaynağı,
her iki yılda da verim ve yapraklardaki azot fraksiyonları üzerinde istatistiki
anlamda etkili olmuş, fakat diğer besin madde miktarları üzerinde herhangi bir
etkisi ortaya çıkmamıştır. Her iki yılda da en yüksek verim Ocak ve Eylül
aylarında amonyumlu ve nitratlı gübre uygulamalarında, en düşük verim ise Mart
ve Kasım aylarında çiftlik gübresi uygulamasında saptanmıştır. Her iki yılda da
en yüksek nitrat, nitrit ve toplam azot değerleri ise nitratlı gübre
uygulamasında ortaya çıkmıştır.

Keywords

Azotlu gübreler, Nitrat azotu, Nitrit azotu, Lepidium sativum L., Verim

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