Nohut Mayalı Ekmek Üretimi ve Hakim Mikroflora
Year 2016,
Volume: 30 Issue: 1, 89 - 99, 01.07.2016
Zerrin Erginkaya
Emel Ünal Turhan
,
Emir Ayşe Özer
Abstract
Bu çalışmada nohut mayalı ekmek üretimi ve fermantasyonda ortama hakim olan mikrofloranın belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nohut mayalı ekmek üretimi için öncelikle Meksika çeşidi nohut kullanılarak fermente nohut mayası üretimi gerçekleştirilmiş ve ardından bu maya ile nohut mayalı hamur elde edilmiştir. Nohut mayasında ve hamurunda mikrobiyolojik analizler ve pH tayini yapılmıştır. Nohut mayasında ve hamurunda hakim mikroflora; laktik asit bakterisi, maya, aerob spor yapan bakteri ve anaerob spor yapan bakteri olarak belirlenmiştir. Ortama hakim mikrofloranın metabolik aktivitesi ile pH değerinde düşüş gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak nohut mayalı ekmek üretiminde sadece maya ve laktik asit bakterilerinin rol oynamadığı yanı sıra aerob spor ve anaerob spor yapan Bacillus ve Clostridium türlerinin bulunma ihtimalinin de olduğu desteklenmiştir.
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Year 2016,
Volume: 30 Issue: 1, 89 - 99, 01.07.2016
Zerrin Erginkaya
Emel Ünal Turhan
,
Emir Ayşe Özer
References
- Aguilar, N., E. Albanell, B. Minarro ve M. Capellas. 2015. Chickpea and tiger nut flours as alternatives to emulsifier and shortening in gluten-free bread. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 62: 225-232.
- Angulo-Bejarano, P., N.M. Verdugo-Montoya, E.O. Cuevas-Rodriguez, J. Milan-Carrillo, R. Mora-Escobedo, J.A. Lopez-Valenzuela, J.A. Garzon-Tiznado, C. Reyes-Moreno. 2008. Tempeh flour from chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) nutritional and physicochemical properties. Food Chemistry, 106: 106–112.
- Arda, Ş. ve A. Aydın. 2011. Hammadde kalitesi ile bazı hijyen parametrelerinin yufkanın mikrobiyolojik kalitesi arasındaki ilişki üzerine bir araştırma. İstanbul Üniv. Vet. Fak. Derg., 37 (2): 135-147.
- Cebi, K. 2009. Isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria from chickpea yeast and dough. Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey, MSc thesis, p 60.
- Dikkaya, F. 2011. Evliya Çelebi Seyahatnâmesi’nde Simit ve Simitçiler. Millî Folklor, Yıl 23, Sayı 92.
- Gòmez, M., B. Oliete, C.M. Rosell, V. Pando and E. Fernàndez. 2008. Studies on cake quality made of wheat-chickpea flour blends. LWT Food Sci.Technol., 41: 1701–1709.
- Halkman, A.K. 2005. Gıda Mikrobiyolojisi Uygulamaları. Başak Matbaacılık Ltd. Şti. 358.
- Hatzikamari, M., N. Kyriakidis, N. Tzanetakis, C.G. Biliaderis and E.L. Tzanetaki. 2007a. Biochemical changes during a submerged chickpea fermentation used as a leaving agent for bread production. Eurepean Food Research Technology, 224: 715-723.
- Hatzikamari, M., M. Yiangou, N. Tzanetakis and E. Litopoulou-Tzanetaki. 2007b. Changes in numbers and kinds of bacteria during a chickpea submerged fermentation used as a agent for bread production. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 116: 37-43.
- Katsaboxakis, K. and K. Mallidis. 1996. The microflora of soak water during natural fermentation of coarsely ground chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seeds. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 23: 261 -265.
- Ma, Z., J.I. Boye, B.K. Simpson, S.O. Prasher, D. Monpetit and L. Malcolmson. 2011. Thermal processing effects on the functional properties and microstructure of lentil, chickpea,and pea flours. Food Research International, 44: 2534–2544.
- Mohammed, I., A.R. Ahmed and B. Senge. 2012. Dough rheology and bread quality of wheat–chickpea flour blends. Ind. Crop. Prod. 36: 196–202.
- Ozer, E.A., Z. Erginkaya, S. Ozer and E. Unal. 2010. One of our traditional breads: Chickpea fermented bread. In: The 1st International Symposium on “Traditional Foods from Adriatic to Caucasus”. Tekirdag, Turkey, 15-17 April 2010, pp. 455-457.
- Rizzello, C.G., M. Calasso, D. Campanella, M. De Angelis and M. Gobbetti. 2014. Use of sourdough fermentation and mixture of wheat, chickpea, lentil and bean flours for enhancing the nutritional, texture and sensory characteristics of white bread.
- Shekib, L.A., 1994. Nutritional Improvement of Lentils, Chickpea, Rice and Wheat by Natural Fermentation. Plant Foods For Human Nutritions, 46: 201-205.
- Sıkılı, Ö.H. and M. Kara. 1999. Geleneksel Nohut Mayası Fermantasyonunda Rol Oynayan Laktik Asit Bakterileri ve Mayalar. Ege Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Gıda Mühendisliği Bölümü, Bornova, İzmir.
- Sıkılı, H.O., 2003. Nohut mayasının mikrobiyolojik ve lezzet karakteristiklerinin araştırılması [Investigation of microbiological and flavour characteristics of chickpea sweet dough], PhD thesis. Ege University, Izmir, Turkey, p 203.
- Singh, U. 1985. Nutritional Quality of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): Current Status and Future Research Needs. Qual Plent Foods Hum. Nutr., 35: 339-351.
- Tuncel, N.B., N. Yilmaz and S. Ozcelik. 2010. Production and investigation of some properties of chickpea bread. In: The 1st International Symposium on “Traditional Foods from Adriatic to Caucasus”. Tekirdag, Turkey, 15-17 April 2010, pp. 447-449.
- Zamora, A. and M.L. Fields. 1979. Microbiological and Toxicological Evaluation of Fermented Cowpeas (Vigna sinensis) and Chickpeas (Cicer arietinum). Journal of Food Science, 44: 928-929.