Typology and Comparison of Turkish Entrepreneurs in Germany and Turkey

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 3, 706 - 736, 16.12.2019

Abdullah Ballı

Öz

Entrepreneurship, which is
of great importance to the economies of almost all countries, has been
scientifically researched to increase the likelihood of the entrepreneur to
succeed. In the researches based on entrepreneurial and entrepreneurial
characteristics, the main objective is to predict the stages that can be
experienced. For this reason, many scholars are approaching the subject with
different perspectives, and classifications are made about enterprise and
entrepreneurship. Entrepreneur typologies are based on the classification of
entrepreneurs. These are “Craftsmen Entrepreneur” and “Opportunistic
Entrepreneur” typologies. In this study, the determination of typology of
Turkish entrepreneurs in Turkey and Germany, is aimed to be placed on the out
of the similarities and differences between them. For this purpose, 100 from
Germany and 100 from Turkey, including the Turkish entrepreneurs made a survey
with a total of 200 entrepreneurs, the data were collected. “Impact of Business
Establishment Reasons” and “Participation in Entrepreneurial Expressions”
scales were used to collect data. The results of the analysis show that Turkish
entrepreneurs in Germany and Turkey, under different parameters, were found to
be close to from “craftsmen entrepreneur” and “opportunistic entrepreneur”
typology.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneur Typologies, Craftsmen Entrepreneur, Opportunistic Entrepreneur

Almanya ve Türkiye’deki Türk Girişimci Tipolojisi ve Karşılaştırması

Öz

Neredeyse tüm ülke
ekonomileri için büyük önem taşıyan girişimcilik konusunda, başlangıç
aşamasından itibaren girişimcinin başarıya ulaşabilme olasılığını artırabilecek
yöntemler bilimsel olarak araştırılmaktadır. Girişim ve girişimci
özelliklerinden hareketle yapılan araştırmalarda temel hedef noktası,
yaşanabilecek evrelerin öngörülebilir olmasıdır. Bunun için birçok bilim dalı
konuya farklı bakış açıları ile yaklaşmakta, girişim ve girişimcilik konusunda
sınıflandırmalar yapılmaktadır. Girişimci tipolojileri, girişimcilerin
sınıflandırılabilmesi esasına dayanmaktadır. Bu konuda yapılan çalışmaların
birleştiği iki girişimci tipolojisi bulunmaktadır. Bunlar “esnaf girişimci” ve
“fırsatçı girişimci” tipolojileridir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’deki girişimciler
ile Almanya’daki Türk girişimcilerin girişimci tipolojilerinin belirlenmesi,
aralarındaki benzerlik ve farkların ortay konulabilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç
doğrultusunda Türkiye’den 100 ve Almanya’dan 100’er Türk girişimci olmak üzere
toplam 200 girişimci ile anket çalışması yapılarak veriler toplanmıştır.
Verileri toplamak için İşletme Kuruluş Nedenlerinin Etkisi ve Girişimcilikle
İlgili İfadelere Katılma ölçekleri kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda
Türkiye’deki girişimcilerin ve Almanya’daki Türk girişimcilerin, farklı
parametreler altında “esnaf girişimci” ve “fırsatçı girişimci” özelliklerinden
hangisine yakın oldukları tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Girişimcilik, Girişimci Tipolojileri, Esnaf Girişimci, Fırsatçı Girişimci

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