Isolated MPPT, CC, CV Solar Battery Charger Design and Application

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 76 - 88, 31.03.2023

Görkem Özkur , Hüseyin Yeşilyurt

https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.1104704

Öz

With the rapid increase in energy consumption, the production and storage of solar energy from renewable energy sources has become a important subject. The problem of low-efficiency energy transfer from the solar panel has been overcome with the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method and algorithms. In this study, an isolated MPPT, constant current (CC), constant voltage (CV) solar battery charging circuit with perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm is proposed. Three different modes (MPPT, CC, CV) work together in the proposed solar battery charging circuit. Panel and battery current-voltage values are constantly measured by the microcontroller, and according to these values, the algorithm determines which mode the circuit will operate in. The converter is constantly trying to transfer maximum power to the battery in every mode it operates. The CC and CV modes in the converter also try to achieve maximum power continuously and quickly, and their algorithms are much easier and simpler than traditional PID controls. Another advantage of the algorithm is that it has a direct transition between modes, thanks to its fast response in terms of efficiency and protection. After changing the duty (D) in any mode, it is checked whether it is necessary to switch to the other two modes without returning to the beginning. Theoretical analyzes have been verified by the application of a battery charging circuit with 120 W output power, 12 V output voltage and 10 A output current.

Anahtar Kelimeler

maximum power point tracking, solar energy, constant current, constant voltage, battery charger

Proje Numarası

1919B012101583

Kaynakça

• Bodur, H., Yeşilyurt, H., Ting, N.S., Sahin, H., (2021), " Zero-voltage switching half-bridge pulse width modulation DC–DC converter with switched capacitor active snubber cell for renewable energy applications", Int J Circ Theor Appl, Volume 49, Pages 2686– 2698.
• Manokar, A.M., Winston, D.P., Mondol, J.D., Sathyamurthy, R., Kabeel, A.E, Panchal, H., (2018), "Comparative study of an inclined solar panel basin solar still in passive and active mode", Solar Energy, Volume 169, Pages 206-216.
• Brito, M. A. G., Galotto, L., Sampaio, L.P., Melo, G.D.A., and Canesin, C.A., (2013), "Evaluation of the Main MPPT Techniques for Photovoltaic Applications," in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 60, no. 3, pp. 1156-1167.
• Karami, N., Moubayed, N., Outbib, R., (2017) "General review and classification of different MPPT Techniques", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 68, Part 1, Pages 1-18.
• Schaefer, F. and Boucsein, W. (2000), “Comparison of electrodermal constant voltage and constant current recording techniques using the phase angle between alternating voltage and current.” Psychophysiology, 37: 85-91.
• Tan, N. M. L., Abe T., and Akagi, H., (2012) "Design and Performance of a Bidirectional Isolated DC–DC Converter for a Battery Energy Storage System," in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 1237-1248.
• Başoğlu, M.E., Çakır, B., (2016), "Comparisons of MPPT performances of isolated and non-isolated DC–DC converters by using a new approach", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 60, Pages 1100-1113.
• Pareek S., and Kaur, T., (2021), "Hybrid ANFIS-PID Based MPPT Controller for a Solar PV System with Electric Vehicle Load", IOP Conference Series.Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 1033, (1).
• Elbaksawi O., (2019), “Design of Photovoltaic System Using Buck-Boost Converter based on MPPT with PID Controller.” Universal Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 6(5), 314 - 322.
• Nasir, A., Rasool, I., Sibtain, D., (2020), “Adaptive Fractional Order PID Controller Based MPPT for PV Connected Grid System Under Changing Weather Conditions.” J. Electr. Eng. Technol. 16, 2599–2610.
• Nogueira, C.E.C., Bedin, J., Niedzialkoski, R.K., Souza, S.N.M., Neves, J.C.M., (2015), ”Performance of monocrystalline and polycrystalline solar panels in a water pumping system in Brazil.” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 51, Pages 1610-1616.
• Lin, B.-R. and Wan, J.-F., (2008), “Analysis of the ZVS two-switch forward converter with synchronous current doubler rectifier.” Int. J. Circ. Theor. Appl., 36: 311-325.
• Silva, G.de.O., Hendrick, P., (2016), “Lead–acid batteries coupled with photovoltaics for increased electricity self-sufficiency in households.” Applied Energy, Volume 178, Pages 856-867.
• Moseley, P.T., Rand, D.A.J.,Peters, K., (2015), ”Enhancing the performance of lead–acid batteries with carbon – In pursuit of an understanding,” Journal of Power Sources, Volume 295, Pages 268-274.