Farklı Solventlerle Ekstrakte Edilen Ceviz Dış Kabuklarının Bazı Biyokimyasal Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 3, 41 - 47, 01.12.2015

Cemhan Doğan , Nurcan Doğan Şerafettin Çelik

Öz

Bu çalışmada iki farklı ceviz türünü dış kabukları su, etanol ve metanolle ekstrakte edilmiş ve daha sonra ekstraktların toplam fenolik madde içerikleri antioksidan aktiviteleri (DPPH ve İndirgeyici güç) belirlenmiştir.  Buna göre ceviz dış kabukların biyoaktivitesi yüksek bir materyal olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca etanol ve metanolden elde edilen ekstraktların sudan elde edilen ekstraktlara göre daha antioksidan ve fenolik madde potansiyellerinin daha iyi olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ceviz; dış kabuk; antioksidan aktivite; fenolik

Kaynakça

• Alkhawajah, A.M., 1997. Studies on the antimicrobial activity of Juglans regia. Am. J. Chinese Med. 2008 (25), 175–180.
• Almeida, I.F., Fernandes, E., Lima, J.L.F.C., COSTA, P.C., BAHİA, M.F., 2008. Walnut (Juglans regia) leaf extracts are strong scavenger of pro-oxidant reactive species. Food Chemistry 106, 1014–1020.
• Blois, M. S., 2002,. Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature , 26, 1199–1200.
• Clark, A.M., Jurgens, T.M., Hufford, C.D., 1990. Antimicrobial activity of juglone. Phytother. Res. 4, 11–14.
• Cowan, M.M., 1999. Plant products as antimicrobial agents. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 12, 564–582.
• Espín, J.C., Soler-Rivas, C., Wichers, H.J., 2000. Characterization of the total free radical scavenger capacity of vegetable oils and oil fractions using 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl radical. J. Agric. Food Chem. 48, 648–656.
• Fernández, M., Garcia, M., Sáenz, M., 1996. Antibacterial activity of the phenolic acid fraction of Scrophularia frutescens and Scrophularia sambucifolia. J. Ethnopharmacol. 53, 11–14.
• Fernandez-Agulloa, A., Pereirab, E.,. Freire , M.S., Valentaoc, P., Andradec, P.B., Gonzalez-Alvareza, J., Pereirab, J.A., 2013. Influence of Solvent on the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Walnut (Juglans Regia L.) Green Husk Extracts. Industrial Crops and Products 42 126– 132.
• Ferreira, I.C.F.R., Baptista, P., Vilas-Boas, M., Barros, L. 2007.Free-radical scavenging capacity and reducing power of wild edible mushrooms from northeast Portugal: Individual cap and stipe activity. Food Chemistry, 100, 1511-1516.
• Hoult, J., Payá, M., 1996. Pharmacological and biochemical actions of simple coumarins: natural products with therapeutic potential. Gen. Pharmacol. 27, 713–722
• Li, L., Tsao, R., Yang, R., Liu, C.M., Zhu, H.H., Young, J.C., 2006. Polyphenolic profiles and antioxidant activities of heartnut (Juglans ailanthifolia var. cordiformis) and Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.). J. Agric. Food Chem. 54, 8033–8040.
• Oliveira, I., Sousa, A., Valentão, P., Andrade, P., Ferreira, I.C.F.R., Ferreres, F., Bento, A., Seabra, R., Estevinho, L., Pereira, J.A., 2007. Hazel (Corylus avellana L.) leaves as source of antimicrobial and antioxidative compounds. Food Chem. 105, 1018– 1025.
• Oyaizu, M. 1986, Studies on product of browning reaction prepared from glucose amine. Japanese Journal of Nutrition, 44,307-315.
• Pereira, A.P., Ferreira, I.C.F.R., Marcelino, F., Valentão, P., Andrade, F., Seabra, R., Estevinho, L., Bento, A., Pereira, J.A., 2007a. Phenolic compounds and antimicrobial activity of olive (Olea europaea L. Cv. Cobranc_osa) leaves. Molecules 12, 1153–1162.
• Pereira, J.A., Oliveira, I., Sousa, A., Ferreira, I.C.F.R., Bento, A., Estevinho, L., 2008. Bioactive properties and chemical composition of six walnut (Juglans regia L.) cultivars. Food Chem. Toxicol. 46, 2103–2111
• Pereira, J.A., Oliveira, I., Sousa, A., Valentão, P., Andrade, P.B., Ferreira, I.C.F.R., Ferreres, F., Bento, A., Seabra, R., Estevinho, L., 2007b. Walnut (Juglans regia L.) leaves: phenolic compounds, antimicrobial activity and antioxidant potential of different cultivars. Food Chem. Toxicol. 45, 2287–2295.
• Proestos, C., Chorianopoulos, N., Nychas, G.-J.E., Komaitis, M., 2005. RP-HPLC analysis of the phenolic compounds of plant extracts. Investigation of their antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activity. J. Agric. Food Chem. 53, 1190– 1195
• Pulido, R., Bravo, L., Saura-Calixto, F., 2000. Antioxidant activity of dietary polyphenols as determined by a modified ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2000 (48), 3396–3402.
• Silva, B.M., Andrade, P.B., Valentãoo, P., Ferreres, F., Seabra, R.M., Ferreira, M.A., 2004. Quince (Cydonia oblonga Miller) fruit (pulp, peel, and seed) and jam: antioxidant activity. J. Agric. Food Chem. 52, 4705–4712
• Slinkard, K.; Singleton, V. L. 1977, Total phenol analyses: Automation and comparison with manual methods. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, , 28, 49-55.
• Srinivasan, A., Viraraghavan, T., 2008. Removal of oil by walnut shell media. Bioresource Technology 99, 8217–8220.
• Stampar, F., Solar, A., Hudina, M., Veberic, R., Colaric, M., 2006. Traditional walnut liqueur–cocktail of phenolics. Food Chemistry 95, 627–631.
• Tseng, T.-H., Kao, E.-S., Chu, C.-Y., Chou, F.-P., Lin Wu, H.-W., Wang, C.-J., 1997. Protective effects of dried flower extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Against oxidative stress in rat primary hepatocytes. Food Chem. Toxicol. 35, 1159–1164.
• Yang, J.H., Lin, H.C., Mau, J. L. 2002. Antioxidant properties of several commercial mushrooms. Food Chem., 77, 229–235.