Biosensors from the first generation to nano-biosensors

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 200 - 207, 15.08.2018

Sercan Dede , Filiz Altay

Öz

All living creatures tend to sense the
changes in their habitat and have to comply with them to survive. At first, the
basics of the biosensor theory began with in
vitro studies based on sensing ability of living beings. Then, scientists
have started to use this ability in some devices. Lately, these devices have
been smaller and smaller. They are in used for medical, chemical, food and some
other sciences to make easier, cheaper, accurate and rapid detection of
specific reactions, compounds, enzymes, cells according to their electrical,
thermal or optical signals. Lastly, the 4th generation of biosensor technology,
as lived now, has started with the developments of Micro, Nano or BioNano
Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS/NEMS/BioNEMS), nanotechnology and
biotechnology that are expected to have lots of features. Furthermore molecular
recognition elements like aptamers which are synthetic oligonucleotide ligands
against various target molecules ranging from small ions to large proteins,
toxins and other analytes as receptors. The studies on using aptamers
conjugated with nanomaterials to fabricate and design novel biosensors appear
to continue due to various advantages such as frequency of usage, practical use
and time-saving. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aptamer, Biosensor, Detection, Nanotechnology, Nano-biosensors

Kaynakça

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