Bireysel Öncüllerinin İş-Aile Çatışmasına Etkisi: Covid-19 Pandemisi Nedeniyle Evden Çalışanlar Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Yıl 2020, , 189 - 201, 19.10.2020

İrge Şener , Nihad Abunasser

https://doi.org/10.18394/iid.736114

Cited By: 3

Öz

İş-aile çatışmasının, çalışanlar, aileleri ve örgütler üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri nedeniyle, mevcut araştırmaların çoğunluğu, iş-aile çatışmasının sonuçlarına odaklanmıştır; bu nedenle, iş-aile çatışmasına neden olan etkenler ile ilgili araştırmalar sınırlı kalmıştır. Bu sınırlılığa istinaden, bu çalışmada iş-aile çatışmasının önemli bireysel öncülleri olarak belirlenen, beş faktör kişilik özellikleri ve duygusal zekanın iş-aile çatışması üzerindeki etkilerine odaklanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi, kamu kurumlarında çalışan ve Covid-19 pandemi koşulları nedeniyle iş yaşamlarında ilk defa evden çalışma deneyimi yaşayan 220 çalışanı kapsamaktadır. Araştırmanın bulguları, sorumluluk kişilik özelliği yüksek olan çalışanların daha az iş-aile çatışması yaşadıklarını gösterirken; duygusal dengesizlik kişilik özelliği yüksek olan çalışanların daha fazla iş-aile çatışması yaşadıklarını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bununla birlikte, duygusal zekanın iş-aile çatışması üzerindeki etkisinin anlamlı olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Araştırma ile ilgili sınırlılıklar, katkılar ve öneriler ilaveten tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

iş-aile çatışması, beş-faktör kişilik özellikleri, duygusal zeka, evden çalışma

Teşekkür

Anket katılımcılarına çok teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

• Allen, T. D., French, K. A., Dumani, S., & Shockley, K. M. (2015). Meta-analysis of work–family conflict mean differences: Does national context matter? Journal of Vocational Behavior, 90, 90–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.07.006
• Allen, T. D., Johnson, R. C., Saboe, K. N., Cho, E., Dumani, S., & Evans, S. (2012). Dispositional variables and work–family conflict: A meta-analysis. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(1), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2011.04.004
• Amstad, F.T., Meier, L.L., Fasel, U., Elfering, A., & Semmer, N.K. (2011). A metaanalysis of work-family conflict and various outcomes with a special emphasis on cross-dominance versus matching-domain relations. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 16(2), 151-169
• Benet-Martínez, V. & John, O.P. (1998). Los cinco grandes across cultures and ethnic groups: Multitrait Multimethod Analysis of The Big Five in Spanish and English. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 729-750.
• Bennett, M. M., Beehr, T. A., & Ivanitskaya, L. V. (2017). Work-family conflict: differences across generations and life cycles. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 32(4), 314–332. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-06-2016-0192
• Biggart, L., Corr, P., O'Brien, M. and Cooper, N. (2010). Trait emotional intelligence and work–family conflict in fathers, Personality and Individual Differences 48: 911–916.
• Blanch, A. and Aluja, A. (2009). Work, Family and Personality: A Study of Work-Family Conflict. Personality and Individual Differences, 46: 520-524.
• Bruck, C.S., & Allen, T.D. (2003). The relationship between big five personality traits, negative affectivity, type A behavior, and work-family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63: 457-472.
• Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, K. M., & Williams, L. J. (2000). Construction and initial validation of a multidimensional measure of work-family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56(2), 249-276.
• Carmeli, A. (2003),"The relationship between emotional intelligence and work attitudes, behavior and outcomes", Journal of Managerial Psychology, Vol. 18 Iss 8 pp. 788 - 813 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02683940310511881
• Ciarrochi, J. V., Chan, A. Y., & Caputi, P. (2000). A critical evaluation of the emotional intelligence construct. Personality and Individual Differences, 28(3), 539–561.
• Çarıkçı, İ. & Çelikkol, Ö. (2009). İş – Aile Çatışmasının Örgütsel Bağlılık ve İşten Ayrılma Niyetine Etkisi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 9: 153-170.
• Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. ve Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2010). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Çok Değişkenli İstatistik SPSS ve LISREL Uygulamaları (1. bs.). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
• De Fruyt, F., & Feys, M. (2013). Big Five traits and intrinsic success in the new career era: A 15 year longitudinal study on employability and work-family conflict. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 62, 124-156.
• Efeoğlu, E. İ. (2006). İş-aile yaşam çatışmasının iş stresi, iş doyumu ve örgütsel bağlılık üzerindeki etkileri: İlaç Sektöründe Bir Araştırma. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana.
• Efeoğlu, E.İ. ve Özgen, H. (2007). İş-Aile Yaşam Çatişmasının İş Stresi, İş Doyumu Ve Örgütsel Bağlılık Üzerindeki Etkileri: İlaç Sektöründe Bir Araştırma, Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 16(2): 237-254.
• French, K.A. and Johnson, R.C. (2016). A retrospective timeline of the evolution of work–family research. In The Oxford Handbook of Work and Family; Allen, T.D., Eby, L.T., Eds.; Oxford University Press: New York, NY, USA, pp. 9–22.
• Frone, M. R., Russell, M., & Cooper, M. L. (1997). Relation of work–family conflict to health outcomes: A four-year longitudinal study of employed parents. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 70, 325–335.
• Gao, Y., Shi, J., Niu, Q., & Wang, L. (2013). Work-Family Conflict and Job Satisfaction: Emotional Intelligence as a Moderator: Work-Family Conflict and Job Satisfaction. Stress and Health, 29(3), 222–228. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2451
• Göçet, E. (2006). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Duygusal Zekâ Düzeyleri İle Stresle Başaçıkma Tutumları Arasındaki İlişki. Yüksek lisans tezi, Sakarya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Sakarya, 55.
• Grant-Vallone, E.J., & Donaldson, S.I. (2001). Consequences of work-family conflict on employee well-being over time. Work and Stress, 15(3), 214-226.
• Greenhaus, J. H., & Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy of Management Review, 10(1), 76–88.
• Greenhaus, J. H., Parasuraman, S., & Collins, K. M. (2001). Career involvement and family involvement as moderators of relationships between work-family conflict and withdrawal from a profession. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 6(2), 91–100. https://doi.org/10.1037//1076-8998.6.2.91
• Greenhaus, J. H., Collins, K. M., & Shaw, J. D. (2003). The Relation between Work-Family Balance and Quality of Life. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63(3): 510-531.
• Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, 44(3), 513.
• Kushwaha G.S. (2012). Emotional Intelligence and work performance of executives. Organizational Psychology, 2012. 4, pp. 23-27.
• Kossek, E. & Ozeki, C. (1998). Work-family conflict, Policies, and the Job-Life Satisfaction Relationship: A Review and Directions for Organizational Behaviour-Human Resources Research. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83(2): 139-149.
• Mallery, P., & George, D. (2003). SPSS for Windows step by step: a simple guide and reference. Allyn, Bacon, Boston,.
• Marks, S. R. (1977). Multiple Roles and Role Strain: Some Notes on Human Energy, Time and Commitment. American Sociological Review, 42(6), 921. https://doi.org/10.2307/2094577
• Mayer, J. D., & Salovey, P. (1997). What is emotional intelligence? In P. Salovey, & D. J. Sluyter (Eds.), Emotional development and emotional intelligence: Educational implications (pp. 3-31). New York, NY. Basic Books.
• Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P., & Caruso, D. R. (2004). TARGET ARTICLES:" emotional Intelligence: theory, findings, and implications". Psychological Inquiry, 15(3), 197–215.
• McCrae, R. R., & Costa Jr, P. T. (1991). Adding Liebe und Arbeit: The full five-factor model and well-being. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 17(2), 227–232.
• McCrae, R. R., & John, O. P. (1998). An introduction to the five-factor model and its applications. Personality: Critical Concepts in Psychology, 60(295), 64.
• Mesmer-Magnus, J. R., & Viswesvaran, C. (2005). Convergence between measures of workto-family and family-to-work conflict: A meta-analytic examination. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 67(2), 215-232.
• Michel, J. S., & Clark, M. A. (2009). Has it been affect all along? A test of work-to-family and family-to-work models of conflict, enrichment, and satisfaction. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(3), 163–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.02.015
• Michel, J. S., Kotrba, L. M., Mitchelson, J. K., Clark, M. A., & Baltes, B. B. (2011). Antecedents of work-family conflict: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 32(5), 689–725. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.695
• Mostert, K., Peeters, M., & Rost, I. (2011). Work-home interference and the relationship with job characteristics and well-being: A South African study among employees in the construction industry. Stress and Health, 27, 238- 251.
• Mount, M. K., Barrick, M. R., & Stewart, G. L. (1998). Five-Factor Model of personality and Performance in Jobs Involving Interpersonal Interactions. Human Performance, 11(2–3), 145–165. https://doi.org/10.1080/08959285.1998.9668029
• Netemeyer, R. G., Boles, J. S., & McMurrian, R. (1996). Development and validation of work–family conflict and family–work conflict scales. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(4), 400.
• Nohe, C., Meier, L. L., Sonntag, K., & Michel, A. (2015). The chicken or the egg? A meta-analysis of panel studies of the relationship between work–family conflict and strain. Journal of Applied Psychology, 100(2), 522.
• O’Driscoll, M.P., Poelmans, S., Spector, P.E., Kalliath, T., Allen, T.D., Cooper, C.L., & Sanchez, J.I. (2003). Family responsive interventions, perceived organisational and supervisor support, work-family conflict, and psychological strain. International Journal of Stress Management, 10(4), 326-344.
• Rupert, P.A., Stevanovic, P., & Hunley, H.A. (2009). Work-family conflict and burnout among practicing psychologists. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 40(1), 54-61.
• Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional Intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9(3), 185–211. https://doi.org/10.2190/DUGG-P24E-52WK-6CDG
• Selvarajan, T. T. (Rajan), Singh, B., & Cloninger, P. A. (2016). Role of personality and affect on the social support and work family conflict relationship. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 94, 39–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2016.02.004
• Schutte, N. S., Malouff, J. M., Hall, L. E., Haggerty, D. J., Cooper, J. T., Golden, C. J., & Dornheim, L. (1998). Development and validation of a measure of emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 25(2), 167–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(98)00001-4
• Skarlicki, D. P., Folger, R., & Tesluk, P. (1999). PERSONALITY AS A MODERATOR IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAIRNESS AND RETALIATION. Academy of Management Journal, 42(1), 100–108. https://doi.org/10.2307/256877
• Sposito, V. A., Hand, M. L., & Skarpness, B. (1983). On the efficiency of using the sample kurtosis in selecting optimal lpestimators. Communications in Statistics-simulation and Computation, 12(3), 265-272.
• Suliman, A. M., & Al‐Shaikh, F. N. (2007). Emotional intelligence at work: links to conflict and innovation. Employee Relations, 29(2), 208–220. https://doi.org/10.1108/01425450710720020
• Sümer, N., Sümer, H.C. (2005) Beş faktör kişilik özellikleri ölçeği (Yayınlanmamış çalışma).
• Wang, M. (2007). Profiling retirees in the retirement transition and adjustment process: Examining the longitudinal change patterns of retirees’ psychological well-being. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(2), 455.
• Wayne, J. H., Musisca, N., & Fleeson, W. (2004). Considering the role of personality in the work–family experience: Relationships of the big five to work–family conflict and facilitation. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 64(1), 108–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-8791(03)00035-6
• Wille, B., De Fruyt, F., & Feys, M. (2013). Big Five Traits and Intrinsic Success in the New Career Era: A 15-Year Longitudinal Study on Employability and Work-Family Conflict: Success in the New Career Era. Applied Psychology, 62(1), 124–156. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2012.00516.x
• Witt, L. A., & Carlson, D. S. (2006). The work-family interface and job performance: Moderating effects of conscientiousness and perceived organizational support. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 11(4), 343–357. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.11.4.343
• Wong, C.-S., & Law, K. S. (2002). The effects of leader and follower emotional intelligence on performance and attitude: An exploratory study. The Leadership Quarterly, 13(3), 243–274.
• Yang, J., & Diefendorff, J. M. (2009). The relations of daily counterproductive workplace behavior with emotions, situational antecedents, and personality moderators: A diary study in Hong Kong. Personnel Psychology, 62(2), 259–295.
• Zhang, J. & Liu, Y. (2011). Antecedents of Work-Family Conflict: Review and Prospect. International Journal of Business and Management, 6(1): 89-103.