Mesleki Tükenmişliğin Önlenmesi

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 29 - 41, 19.04.2019

Füsun Gökkaya

https://doi.org/10.18394/iid.467698

Öz

Mesleki
tükenmişliğin önlenmesi hem bireysel hem de örgütsel düzeyde
gerçekleştirilebilir. Bireysel düzeyde alınabilecek önlemleri belirleyebilmek
için tükenmişliğe dayanıklı bireylerin özelliklerine bakmak yararlı olacaktır.
Daha az tükenmişlik yaşayan çalışanların benlik saygısının yüksek olduğu,
kendilerini daha yeterli hissettikleri ve çevreden daha az etkilendikleri
saptamıştır. Bunların yanında tükenmeye karşı dayanıklı bireylerin hobileri olan,
sosyal ilişkileri güçlü, çevrelerindeki insanlardan sosyal destek alabildikleri
ifade edilmektedir. Bu bulguların ışında bireysel düzeyde yapılacak önleme
çalışmaları bireylerin kendilerine güvenmelerini sağlama, diğerleri ile
ilişkileri düzenleme, hobiler edinme, hayır diyebilme, stres yönetimi gibi
becerilerin kazanılmasıyla gerçekleşebilir. Bunun yolu ise farklı ya da aynı
meslek alanının da çalışanların grup olarak psikolojik destek alması ile
gerçekleştirilebilir. Örneğin, gevşeme tekniklerinin kullanılması, stres
yönetimi, psikodrama terapisi, tükenmişlikle baş etmek için kullanılacak
yöntemlerdendir. Mesleki tükenmişlik anlaşılması ve önlenmesi gereken, örgüt
psikolojisi ile klinik psikolojinin iş birliği içinde çalışacağı önemli bir
sorundur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mesleki Tükenmişlik, Önleme, Müdahale, Örgüt Psikolojisi, Grup Terapisi

Prevention of Occupational Burnout

Öz

The prevention of burnout can only be achieved
on both individual and organizational levels. Employees who experience less
burnout were found to have higher self esteem, feel more sufficient, and to be
less affected by their environment. Alongside these, individuals resistant to
burnout were stated to be individuals with hobbies, strong social relations,
and the ability to draw social support from the people in their environment. In
the light of these findings, prevention efforts on an individual level can be
realized through ensuring self-esteem, regulating relations to others,
providing hobbies, teaching to say no, and the provision of skills such as
stress management. This can be achieved through groups working at the same or
different occupational field receiving psychological support (for example,
relaxation techniques, stress management, psychodrama). Occupational burnout is
an important problem that needs to be understood and prevented where the fields
of organizational and clinical psychology need to work in cooperation. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Occupational Burnout, Prevention, Intervention, Organizational Psychology, Group Therapy

Kaynakça

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