Review on Uranium(VI) Adsorption Capacities From Aqueous Solutions of Hydrogel-Based Biocomposite Adsorbents

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 3, 1436 - 1455, 01.09.2022

Nergiz Kanmaz

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1079143

Öz

The use of uranium as a fuel in the nuclear energy industry has also led to an increase in mining. For this reason, there is an increase in the rate of uranium mixed into the waters. On the other hand, one of the most important problems of nuclear energy is spent fuel waste that creates radioactive pollution. Radioactive uranium and its compounds cause serious damage to the human body, kidney failure and death. Removal of uranium from water by adsorption is among the subjects that are actively studied by many research groups in terms of not posing a threat to living health. While various sorbents find their place in adsorption processes with their different potentials, hydrogel-based adsorbents stand out thanks to their swelling properties, expandable functional structures and biodegradable forms. Adsorption on hydrogel materials is due to the ionizable functional groups of the monomers in its structure. In this review, the adsorption process of uranium, which is a radioactive pollutant, was examined in terms of pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich and intraparticle diffusion kinetic models, and widely used Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, current studies on its removal with chitosan and alginate-based biocomposite sorbents were presented.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Uranium, hydrogel, adsorption, biocomposite

Hidrojel Bazlı Biyokompozit Adsorbanların Sulu Çözeltilerden Uranyum (VI) Adsorpsiyon Kapasiteleri Üzerine Derleme

Öz

Uranyumun nükleer enerji endüstrisinde yakıt olarak kullanımı madenciliğinin de artış göstermesine sebep olmuştur. Bu sebeple sulara karışan uranyum oranında da artış görülmektedir. Öte yandan, nükleer enerjinin en önemli sorunlardan birisi radyoaktif kirlilik oluşturan kullanılmış yakıt atıklarıdır. Radyoaktif uranyum ve bileşikleri insan vücudunda ciddi hasarlara, böbrek yetmezliğine ve ölümlere neden olmaktadır. Canlı sağlığına tehdit oluşturmaması açısından, uranyumun sulardan adsorpsiyon ile giderimi birçok araştırma grubu tarafından aktif çalışılan konular arasında yer almaktadır. Çeşitli sorbentler, farklı potansiyelleri ile adsorpsiyon proseslerinde kendilerine yer bulurken, hidrojel bazlı adsorbanlar şişme özellikleri, arttırılabilir fonksiyonel yapıları ve biyobozunur formları sayesinde öne çıkmaktadır. Hidrojel malzemeler üzerine adsorpsiyon, yapısındaki monomerlerin iyonlaşabilen fonksiyonel gruplarından kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu derleme çalışmada, radyoaktif bir kirletici olan uranyumun adsorpsiyon prosesi psedo birinci derece, psedo ikinci derece, Elovich ve partikül içi difüzyon kinetik modelleri ve yaygın kullanılan Langmuir ve Freundlich izoterm modelleri açısından incelenmiş, kitosan ve aljinat bazlı biyokompozit sorbanlarla giderimine yönelik güncel çalışmalar sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Uranyum, hidrojel, adsorpsiyon, biyokompozit

Kaynakça

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