Determination of important biotechnical characteristics of some safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 47 - 54, 30.04.2023

Esra Nur Gül , Ebubekir Altuntaş , Zeynep Eda Oktay

https://doi.org/10.54187/jnrs.1241678

Öz

The study aimed to determine the biotechnical characteristics (physical properties, color characteristics, angle of repose, and coefficient of friction) of the seeds of safflower cultivars. Moisture contents of Asal, Balcı, and Dinçer cultivars were determined as 8.64%, 9.52%, and 8.57%, respectively. The width (4.04 mm) of the Dinçer cultivar gave higher values than other cultivars. Statistically significant (p<0.01) differences were determined between the width values of safflower cultivars. There was no statistically significant difference in length, sphericity, surface area, and geometric mean diameter values between cultivars, but statistical differences at p<0.05 level were determined between cultivars in thickness values. L* brightness color value was higher (75.31) in Dinçer cultivar than in other cultivars. The rubber surface gave the highest values (0.360-0.384) in terms of coefficient of friction values. In the study, it is thought that the biotechnical characteristics (physical properties, color characteristics, coefficient of friction, and angle of repose values of the safflower seeds will contribute to obtaining important engineering data in the design of machinery, facilities, and systems to be used for sowing, harvesting and threshing mechanization and postharvest technologies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Carthamus tinctorius, Sphericity, Coefficient of friction, a*, b* colour characteristics

Kaynakça

• M. Babaoğlu, The history, usage areas and importance of safflower in the world and in Turkey, Tarım Gündem Dergisi 6 (36) (2017) 98-102.
• H. Öğüt, T. Eryılmaz, H. Oğuz, The comparative investigation of fuel properties of biodiesel produced from some safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) varieties, I. National Oilseed Crops and Biodiesel Symposium, Samsun, 2007, pp. 11-16.
• F. Kayaçetin, D. Katar , Y. Arslan, A flower structure and biology of fertilization of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), Biotech Studies 21 (2) (2012) 75-80.
• TUİK, 20222. Turkish Statistical Institute, Oilseeds. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Kategori/GetKategori?p=tarim-111&dil=1, Accessed 14 Apr 2023.
• FAO, 2020. Crops and livestock products. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL, Accessed 11 Jun 2022.
• Anonymous, 2022. Postharvest handling and preparation of foods for processing. https://application.wiley-vch.de/books/sample/3527324682_c01.pdf, Accessed 11 Jun 2022.
• C. Bracacescu, P. Gageanu, G. Bunduchi, A. Zaica, Considerations on technical equipment used for cleaning and sorting seed mixtures based on aerodynamic principle, in: L. Malinovska, V Osadcuks, (Eds.), 17th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development, Jelgava, LATVIA, 2018, pp. 39-44.
• Anonymous, 2023. Physical Properties of Seeds in Technological Processes. https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/45150, Accessed 25 Apr 2023.
• G. Şahin, N. Taşlıgil, Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.): An industrial plant with increasing strategical importance, Turkish Geographical Review 66 (2016) 51-62.
• S. A. Ghareeb, S. S. Hasan, S. H. S. Ali, N. S. Ahmad, Comparative analysis of safflower (Carthamus Tinctorius L.) genotypes based on seed and oil characteristics, Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 18 (6) (2020) 7587-7605.
• M. Kobuk, K. Ekinci, S. Erbaş, Determination of physical and chemical characteristics of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes , Journal of Agriculture and Nature 22 (1) (2019) 89-96.
• T. Aktas, I. Celen, R. Durgut, Some physical and mechanical properties of safflower seed (Carthamus tinctorius L.), Journal of Agronomy 5 (4) (2006) 613-616.
• S. Çalışır, T. Marakoğlu, Ö. Öztürk, H. Öğüt, Some physical properties of safflower seed (Carthamus Tınctorıus L.), Journal of Selcuk University Faculty of Agriculture 19 (36) (2005) 87-92.
• V. Beyyavas, H. Haliloglu, O. Copur and A. Yilmaz, Determination of seed yield and yield components of some safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars, lines and populations under the semi-arid conditions, African Journal of Biotechnology 10 (4) (2011) 527-534.
• E. Baümler, A. Cuniberti, S. M. Nolasco and I. C. Riccobene, Moisture dependent physical and compression propertiesof safflower seed, Journal of Food Engineering 72 (2006) 134–140.
• E. Altuntaş, E. N. Gül, H. Gök, Physical, mechanical and chemical properties of terebinth fruit and seeds, Journal of Agriculture and Nature 23 (6) (2020) 1518-1528.
• N. N. Mohsenin, Physical properties of plants and animal materials, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, NW, New York, 1980.
• R. G. McGuire, Reporting of objective color measurements. Hortscience 27 (1992) 1254-1255.
• S. Günaydın, Investigation of rosehips dried via microwave, convective and shade drying methods in terms of drying kinetics, color and nutrients content, Masters’s Thesis Bursa Uludağ University (2020) Bursa.
• G. Yılmaz, E. Altuntas, Some bio-technical properties of flax seeds, fennel seeds and harmal seed capsules, Turkish Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research (TURKAGER) 1 (2) (2020) 222-232.
• S. Kaleemullah, J. J. Gunasekar, Moisture-dependent physical properties of arecanut trues, Biosystem Engineering 82 (3) (2002) 331-338.