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The Evolution of European Union’s Climate Change Adaptation Policies and The Importance of Current Adaptation Policies for Turkey

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 3, 958 - 982, 26.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1058090

Öz

The EU new Climate Change Adaptation Strategy, one of the priority actions within the scope of the Green Deal, was announced on February 24, 2021. The strategy is very important as the most up-to-date of the EU's policy documents on climate adaptation. The importance of document is not only because climate adaptation is an issue that requires urgent action. Also, actions planned under Strategy have economic, social and environmental consequences for countries, especially Turkey, has relations with EU. Ensuring resilience against the inevitable effects of climate change has become more important for ensuring sustainable development and national security especially in vulnerable regions such as the Mediterranean Basin, where Turkey is located. The EU started the process of developing adaptation policies at an early date. Analyzing these processes in EU is an important example that can be used in the context of policies in Turkey, which also has the goal of the EU membership. This study aims to evaluate the evolution of the EU's climate adaptation policies in the context of Green Paper (2007), White Paper (2009), Climate Change Adaptation Strategy (2013, 2018) and new Climate Change Adaptation Strategy (2021), and to assest the importance of the EU's current climate change policies for Turkey. In the study, it was concluded that the development of policies in the context of the Green Deal and the new Adaptation Strategy is an important requirement for Turkey to maintain commercial relations with EU and to develop cooperation with the EU in climate change adaptation area.

Kaynakça

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Avrupa Birliği’nin İklim Değişikliğine Uyum Politikalarının Gelişimi ve Güncel Uyum Politikalarının Türkiye İçin Önemi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 3, 958 - 982, 26.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1058090

Öz

Avrupa Komisyonu tarafından Aralık 2019’da kabul edilen Yeşil Mutabakat’ın öncü eylemlerinden biri olan AB yeni İklim Değişikliğine Uyum Stratejisi, 24 Şubat 2021 tarihinde açıklanmıştır. Strateji, AB’nin iklim değişikliğinin etkilerine uyum sağlanması konusundaki politika belgelerinin en güncelidir. Belgenin önemi sadece iklim değişikliğine uyumun, iklimle ilişkili artan risk ve afetler karşısında acil eylem gerektiren bir konu olmasından kaynaklanmamaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra yeni Strateji kapsamında gerçekleştirilmesi planlanan eylemlerin, AB ile yakın ilişkileri olan başta Türkiye olmak üzere küresel çapta tüm ülkeler için ekonomik, sosyal ve çevresel sonuçları olmasındandır. İklim değişikliğinin kaçınılmaz etkilerine karşı dirençlilik sağlanması, etki ve etkilenebilirliğin tespit edilerek, iklim değişikliğine uyum eylemlerinin ivedilikle uygulanması; söz konusu etkilerin Türkiye’nin de içinde bulunduğu Akdeniz Havzası gibi kırılgan bölgeler başta olmak üzere, tüm dünyada daha olumsuz sonuçlar ortaya çıkarmasının ön görüldüğü koşullarda sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın ve ulusal güvenliğin sağlanması bağlamlarında her zamankinden önemli hale gelmiştir. Uyum politikalarının geliştirilmesine diğer ülkelerden erken bir tarihte başlamış olan AB’nin söz konusu süreçlerinin gelişiminin, bu kapsamda karşılaştığı sorunların ve uyum politikalarında geldiği güncel durumunun analiz edilmesi; aynı zamanda AB’ye üyelik hedefi bulunan Türkiye’de iklim değişikliğine uyum politikalarının geliştirilmesi bağlamında yararlanılabilecek bir örnek olması bakımından önemlidir. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışmanın amacı, AB’nin iklim değişikliğine uyum politikalarının gelişiminin, Yeşil Kitap (2007), Beyaz Kitap (2009), 2013 yılında açıklanan ve 2018’de gözden geçirilen AB İklim Değişikliğine Uyum Stratejisi ve 2021 yılında açıklanan yeni İklim Değişikliğine Uyum Stratejisi bağlamında incelenmesi ve AB’nin güncel uyum politikalarının Türkiye açısından değerlendirilmesidir. Çalışmada Yeşil Mutabakat ve yeni Uyum Stratejisi kapsamında politikalar geliştirilmesinin, Türkiye açısından toplam ihracatının yaklaşık yarısını gerçekleştirdiği AB ile ticari ilişkileri sürdürmede ve ilerleyen süreçte AB tarafından iklim değişikliğine uyum alanında kapasite geliştirme, teknoloji ve finansman konularında kurulacağı taahhüt edilen ikili iş birlikleri bağlamlarında önemli bir gereklilik olduğu sonucu elde edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

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  • Clar, C. & Steurer, R. (2019). Climate Change Adaptation at Different Levels of Government: Characteristics and Conditions of Policy Change. Natural Resources Forum, 43(2), 121-131.
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  • Massey, E., Huitema, D., Garrelts, H., Grecksch, K., Mees, H., Rayner, T., Stobjörk, S., Termeer, C. & Winges, M. (2014b). Handling Adaptation Policy Choices in Sweden, Germany, the UK and the Netherlands. Journal of Water and Climate Change, 6(1), 9-24.
  • Meijerink, S., Stiller, S., Keskitalo, C., Scholten, P., Smits, R. & Van Lamoen, F. (2015). The role of Leadership in Regional Climate Change Adaptation: A Comparison of Adaptation Practices Initiated by Governmental and Non-governmental Actors. Journal of Water and Climate Change, 6(1), 25-37.
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  • Rauken, T., Mydske, P. K. & Winsvold, M. (2015). Mainstreaming Climate Change Adaptation at the Local Level. Local Environment, 20(4), 408-423.
  • Rembling, E. (2018). Depoliticizing Adaptation: A Critical Analysis of EU Climate Adaptation Policy. Environmental Politics, 27(3), 477-497.
  • Runhaar, H., Driessen, P. & Uittenbroek, C. (2014). Towards a Systematic Framework for the Analysis of Environmental Policy Integration. Environmental Policy and Governance, 24(4), 233-246.
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  • Selin, H. & VanDeveer, S. (2015). Broader, Deeper and Greener: European Union Environmental Politics, Policies, and Outcomes. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 40(1), 309–35.
  • Smithers, R., Tweed, J. & Phillips-Itty, R. (2018). Study to Support the Evaluation of the EU Adaptation Strategy Final Report. European Union.
  • Swart, R, Biesbroek, R., Binnerup, S., Carter, T. R., Cowan, C., Henrichs, T., Loquen, S., Mela, H., Morecroft, M., Reese, M. & Rey, D. (2009). Europe Adapts to Climate Change Comparing National Adaptation Strategies. PEER.
  • Ticaret Bakanlığı. (2021). Yanı Başımızdaki Dev Pazar Avrupa Birliği. Erişim Tarihi: 10 Ocak 2022, https://ticaret.gov.tr/dis-iliskiler/avrupa-birligi/yani-basimizdaki-dev-pazar-avrupa-birligi
  • UN. (1992). United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Erişim Tarihi: 10 Ocak 2022, https://unfccc.int/files/essential_background/background_publications_htmlpdf/application/pdf/convengpdf
  • UN. (2015). Paris Agreement. Erişim Tarihi: 1 Ocak 2022, https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/english_paris_agreement.pdf.
  • UNEP. (2010). What is Clearing House Mechanism. Erişim Tarihi: 1 Ocak 2022, https://bch.cbd.int/help/topics/en/What_is_a_Clearing_House_Mechanism.html.
  • UNFCCC. (2015). Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of the EU and its Member States.”. Erişim Tarihi: 1 Ocak 2022, https://www4.unfccc.int/sites/submissions/INDC/Published%20Documents/Latvia/1/LV-03-06-EU%20INDC.pdf.
  • Vulevic, A., Castanho, R. A., Gómez, J. M. N., Lausada, S., Loures, L, Cabezas, J. & Fernández-Pozo, L. (2021). “Cross-Border Cooperation and Adaptation to Climate Change in Western Balkans Danube Area”. E. Berisha, G. Cotella, A. Solly (Der.). Governing Territorial Development in the Western Balkans. Advances in Spatial Science (The Regional Science Series) içinde (ss.289-308). Springer.
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Çevre Bilimleri
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Çiğdem Tuğaç 0000-0002-2555-6641

Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Eylül 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Ocak 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Tuğaç, Ç. (2022). Avrupa Birliği’nin İklim Değişikliğine Uyum Politikalarının Gelişimi ve Güncel Uyum Politikalarının Türkiye İçin Önemi. Kent Akademisi, 15(3), 958-982. https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1058090

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