Özet
Müzik
eğitimciliği ve icracılığının meslekleşme süreci içerisinde aktif rol oynayan
birçok olay ve olgu olmasına rağmen bu süreci Mehterhanenin kurulmasıyla
başlatmak yanlış olmayacaktır. Öyle ki; Türk müzik kültürünün kurumsal
anlamdaki ilk oluşumu olan Mehterhane, aynı zamanda Müzik eğitimciliği ve icracılığı
bağlamında da bir başlangıç noktasını oluşturmaktadır. Bu başlangıç noktası
müzikçilik mesleğinin kurumsal statüye bürünmesinin Türk müzik tarihinde ilk
somut göstergesi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Gerek mehterhane içerisindeki
uygulamaların kısmen profesyonellik kıstaslarına uyması gerekse bu kurum
içerisinde görev alan kişilerin (çalıcı mehterler) kurumsal kimlik taşıması bu
kurumu daha özel bir hale getirmektedir.
Bu
araştırmada; Müzik eğitimciliği ve icracılığının meslek statüsüne geçiş sürecine
ait tarihsel süreç kısaca ele alınmış ve bu sürecin başlangıç noktası olarak
kabul edilen Mehterhane ve çalıcı mehterlere ilişkin uygulamalar, kurumsallık
çerçevesinde açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalıcı mehterlere uygulanan sürekli
ücret politikasının bu kapsamda en önemli husus olduğu görülmüştür. Meslek ve
Profesyonellik tanımları içerisinde yer alan ve kaçınılmaz bir gereklilik olan
bu ücretlendirme politikasının, Mehterhane teşkilatının müzik kültürüne
sağladığı bir katkı olduğu düşünülmektedir. Öte yandan, teşkilat tarafından
ödenen tayinat ve diğer ek ödemelerinde meslekleşme adına büyük önem taşıdığı
ve profesyonelliği güçlendirdiği görülmektedir. Mehterhane tarafından sunulan
diğer sosyal haklar (emeklilik, görev tevcihi, barınma ihtiyacının karşılanması
gibi) ise müzik eğitimciliği ve icracılığının meslekleşme ve profesyonelleşme
sürecinde büyük önem arz ettiği düşünülmektedir.
Abstract
The
shifts of business groups serving for the benefit of society to occupational
status generally vary in parallel with the change of needs in the historical
process. Along with the technological advances, the differentiation in the
communication and transportation organs directly affects people's lifestyles.
Changing living conditions and needs have led some businesses to become
popular, while some of their businesses have also become faded. While the
business lines that started to become popular have become criteria for
profession over time, further enlargement of these fields reveals the necessity
of private information. This situation, which is characterized as
professionalism, emerges in many of the professions adopted by society over
time.
When
the vocational process is examined in the context of music teaching and
playing, one of the most remarkable situations is that there is not enough
written publication about this subject. Although there are many publications
covering the historical process of Turkish music culture, there are not many
examples of publications that present this historical process within the scope
of profession and professionalism.
Although
music teaching and playing are many events and phenomena that play an active
role in the professionalization process, it will not be wrong to start this
process with the establishment of Mehterhane. Such that; Mehterhane, the first
formation of the Turkish musical culture in the institutional sense, also
constitutes a starting point in the context of music teaching and playing. This
starting point is regarded as the first concrete indication of the
institutional status of the musician profession in Turkish music history.
Besides the fact that the practices in the Mehterhane are partly in accordance
with the professionalism criteria, the institutional identity of the people who
work in this institution (playful mehters) makes this institution more special.
In
this study; The historical process of the transition of music education and
performance to professional status was briefly discussed and the practices
related to Mehterhane and playing mehter which are accepted as the starting
point of this process were tried to be explained within the framework of
institutionalization. The continuous payment policy applied to the playing
mehter was found to be the most important issue in this context. This payment
policy, which is an inevitable necessity within the definitions of profession
and professionalism, is thought to be a contribution of Mehterhane organization
to the music culture. On the other hand, it is seen that the tayinat and other
additional payments paid by the organization are of great importance in the
name of professionalization and strengthen the professionalism. Other social
rights offered by Mehterhane (such as retirement, promotion, accommodation,
etc.) are considered to be of great importance in the process of
professionalization and professionalization of music education and performance
It
has been understood that musical teaching and playing is an important starting
point for the Mehterhane in the process of occupation by getting out of the
obtained findings. It is thought that this process directly affects the
institutional structures outside the mehterhahn and some changes in this period
during the vocational training of musical teaching and playing. In this study,
in which only one part of this process was studied, ıt tried to draw attention
to only the starting point of the vocationalization process of musical teaching
and playing. Describing and revealing the continuation of this process requires
more extensive research. Such researches, which will be done by taking
documents related to the subject, especially obtained from the Ottoman Archives
of the Prime Ministry, are of great importance in revealing the process of
carrying the professional status of musical teaching and playing.
Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
---|---|
Bölüm | MAKALE |
Yazarlar | |
Yayımlanma Tarihi | 29 Kasım 2019 |
Gönderilme Tarihi | 19 Eylül 2019 |
Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3 |
Bilginin ışığında aydınlanmak dileğiyle....
ODÜSOBİAD