Determining of Social-Cultural, Environmental and Economic Impacts of Winter European Youth Olympic Festival

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 43, 175 - 194, 25.01.2020

Musa Ünalan , Tevfik Şükrü Yapraklı

https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.01.10

Cited By: 2

Öz

In this study, we try to determine the effects of social-cultural impacts, environmental impacts, economic impacts of Winter European Youth Olympic Festival (EYOF) and the perceived success of organization committee on support to organization. The research utilizes survey method and data from 500 participants in Erzurum Province of Turkey are used to test the research hypotheses. The collected data is analyzed by SPSS 22 software package through arithmetic mean, standard deviation, frequency distribution and regression analysis. The findings of the study show that perceived success of EYOF Committee have a significant effect on perceived positive social-cultural impacts, environmental impacts, economic impacts and perceived negative social-cultural impacts and economic impacts. The findings also indicate that perceived positive economic impacts, perceived negative environmental impacts and perceived success of EYOF Committee has a significant effect on local community’s support to EYOF.

Anahtar Kelimeler

EYOF, Social-Cultural, Environmental, Economic Impacts

Kış Avrupa Gençlik Olimpik Festivalinin Sosyo-Kültürel, Çevresel ve Ekonomik Etkisinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada Erzurum’da düzenlenen Kış Avrupa Olimpik Gençlik Festivalinin (EYOF) sosyo-kültürel, çevresel ve ekonomik etkileri ile organizasyon komitesinin algılanan başarısının organizasyona destek üzerindeki etkisi belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma Erzurum il sınırlarında yaşayan katılımcılara uygulanmış olup 500 katılımcı çalışmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 22 istatistik programı kullanılmış olup, anketi cevaplayanların demografik özellikleri de incelenmiş, aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma, frekans dağılımı ve regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgulara göre, EYOF komitesinin algılanan başarısı, algılanan pozitif sosyo-kültürel, çevresel ve ekonomik etkiler ile algılanan negatif sosyo-kültürel, ekonomik etkiler üzerinde etkisi bulunmuştur. Yerel halkın EYOF’a desteği üzerinde ise algılanan pozitif ekonomik etki, algılanan negatif çevresel etki ve EYOF komitesinin algılanan başarısının etkisi bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

EYOF, Sosyo-Kültürel, Çevresel, Ekonomik Etkiler

Kaynakça

• Andereck, K L, Vogt, C A. "The relationship between residents’ attitudes toward tourism and tourism development options". Journal of Travel Research 39, no 1 (2000): 27-36.
• Andriotis, K, Vaughan, R D. "Urban residents’ attitudes toward tourism development: The case of Crete". Journal of Travel Research 42, no (2003): 172-185.
• Ap, J. (1992). "Residents' perceptions on tourism impacts". Annals of Tourism Research, 19(4), 665-690.
• Besculides, A, Lee, M E, McCormick, P J. "Residents' perceptions of the cultural benefits of tourism". Annals of Tourism Research 29, no 2 (2002): 303-319.
• Bull, C, Lovell, J. "The impact of hosting major sporting events on local residents: An analysis of the views and perceptions of Canterbury residents in relation to the Tour de France 2007". Journal of Sport & Tourism 12, no 3-4 (2007): 229-248.
• Chalip, L, Green, B C, Hill, B. "Effects of sport event media on destination image and intention to visit". Journal of Sport Management 17, no 3 (2003): 214-234.
• Chazapi, K, Sdrali, D. "Residents’ perceptions of tourism impacts on Andros Island, Greece". WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, (2006): 97.
• Choi, H-S C, Sirakaya, E. "Measuring residents’ attitude toward sustainable tourism: Development of sustainable tourism attitude scale". Journal of Travel Research 43, no 4 (2005): 380-394.
• Deccio, C, Baloglu, S. "Nonhost community resident reactions to the 2002 Winter Olympics: The spillover impacts". Journal of Travel Research 41, no 1 (2002): 46-56.
• Delamere, T, Hinch, T. "Community festivals: Celebration or sellout". Recreation Canada 52, no 1 (1994): 26-29.
• Driver, B L, Brown, P J, Peterson, G L. Benefits of leisure. Paper presented at the Preliminary drafts of the chapters in this volume were presented at a workshop of the authors in Snowbird, Utah, May 1989, 1991.
• Dyer, P, Gursoy, D, Sharma, B, Carter, J. "Structural modeling of resident perceptions of tourism and associated development on the Sunshine Coast, Australia". Tourism Management 28, no 2 (2007): 409-422.
• Eagly, A H, Chaiken, S. The psychology of attitudes: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers, 1993.
• Emerson, R M. "Exchange theory, part I: A psychological basis for social exchange". Sociological Theories in Progress 2, (1972): 38-57.
• Fredline, E. "Host community reactions to motorsport events: The perception of impact on quality of life". Sport tourism: Interrelationships, Impacts and Issues, (2004): 155-173.
• Gratton, C, Shibli, S, Coleman. "The economics of sport tourism at major sports events". Sport Tourism Destinations, (2005): 233.
• Gursoy, D, Kendall, K. "Hosting mega events: Modeling locals’ support". Annals of Tourism Research 33, no 3 (2006): 603-623.
• Gursoy, D, Kim, K, Uysal, M. "Perceived impacts of festivals and special events by organizers: an extension and validation". Tourism Management 25, no 2 (2004): 171-181.
• Gursoy, D, Rutherford, D G. "Host attitudes toward tourism: An improved structural model". Annals of Tourism Research 31, no 3 (2004): 495-516.
• Gursoy, D, Yolal, M, Ribeiro, M A, Netto, A P. "Impact of Trust on Local Residents' Mega-Event Perceptions and Their Support". Journal of Travel Research 56, no 3 (2017): 393-406.
• Jackson, L A. "Residents' perceptions of the impacts of special event tourism". Journal of Place Management and development 1, no 3 (2008): 240-255.
• Jeong, G-H, Faulkner, B. "Resident perceptions of mega-event impacts: The Taejon international exposition case". Festival Management and Event Tourism 4, no 1 (1996): 3-11.
• Kim, H J, Gursoy, D, Lee, S-B. "The impact of the 2002 World Cup on South Korea: Comparisons of pre-and post-games". Tourism Management 27, no 1 (2006): 86-96.
• Kim, S S, Petrick, J F. "Residents’ perceptions on impacts of the FIFA 2002 World Cup: the case of Seoul as a host city". Tourism Management 26, no 1 (2005): 25-38.
• Ko, D-W, Stewart, W P. "A structural equation model of residents’ attitudes for tourism development". Tourism management 23, no 5 (2002): 521-530.
• Kurtuluş, K. "Pazarlama Araştırmaları.” İÜ İşletme Fakültesi Yayınları no 274, 6. Baskı İstanbul, 1998.
• Lindberg, K, Johnson, R L. "Modeling resident attitudes toward tourism". Annals of Tourism Research 24, 2 (1997): 402-424.
• Lorde, T, Greenidge, D, Devonish, D. "Local residents’ perceptions of the impacts of the ICC Cricket World Cup 2007 on Barbados: Comparisons of pre-and post-games". Tourism Management 32, no 2 (2011): 349-356.
• Madden, J R. "The economic consequences of the Sydney Olympics: the CREA/Arthur Andersen study". Current Issues in Tourism 5, no 1 (2002): 7-21.
• Mihalik, B J, Simoneita, L. "Resident perceptions of the 1996 Summer Olympic Games—year II". Festival Management and Event Tourism 5, no 1 (1998): 9-19.
• Moscovici, S. "Notes towards a description of social representations". European Journal of Social Psychology 18, no 3 (1988): 211-250.
• Nunkoo, R, Ramkissoon, H, Gursoy, D. "Public trust in tourism institutions". Annals of Tourism Research 39, no 3 (2012): 1538-1564.
• Nunkoo, R, Ramkissoon, H. "Power, trust, social exchange and community support". Annals of Tourism Research 39, no 2 (2012): 997-1023.
• Nunkoo, R, Smith, S L. "Political economy of tourism: Trust in government actors, political support, and their determinants". Tourism Management 36, (2013): 120-132.
• Pappas, N V. "City of Rhodes: residents' attitudes toward tourism impacts and development". Anatolia 19, no 1 (2008): 51-70.
• Pearce, P L, Moscardo, G, Ross, G F. Tourism community relationships: Pergamon Oxford, 1996.
• Prayag, G, Hosany, S, Nunkoo, R, Alders, T. "London residents' support for the 2012 Olympic Games: The mediating effect of overall attitude". Tourism Management 36, (2013): 629-640.
• Ritchie, B W, Shipway, R, Cleeve, B. "Resident perceptions of mega-sporting events: A non-host city perspective of the 2012 London Olympic Games". Journal of Sport & Tourism 14, no 2-3 (2009): 143-167.
• Roche, M. "Mega-events and urban policy". Annals of Tourism Research 21, no 1 (1994): 1-19.
• Soutar, G N, McLeod, P B. "Residents' perceptions on impact of the America's Cup". Annals of Tourism Research 20, no 3 (1993): 571-582.
• Waitt, G. "Social impacts of the Sydney Olympics". Annals of Tourism Research 30, no 1 (2003): 194-215.
• Weikert, B, Kertstetter, D. Resident’s attitudes toward tourism: An applied study in a historic community. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the 1995 Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium, 1996.
• Zhou, Y, Ap, J. "Residents' perceptions towards the impacts of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games". Journal of Travel Research 48, no 1 (2009): 78-91.