Factors Affecting Consumer’s Attitude Toward Fictional Brands: Turkish TV Series Case
Yıl 2021,
Cilt: 29 Sayı: 47, 285 - 299, 25.01.2021
Pinar Basgoze
,
Ezel Bozlak
Öz
Reverse product placement (RPP) is the commercialization of fictional brands from entertainment media into real world products. The factors effecting RPP is crucial for the commercialization of fictional brands. Purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting consumer’s attitude toward fictional brands. Thus, the effects of consumer's attitude towards television programs, perceived quality of fictional service in television programs and self-connection with a fictional service brand on the attitude of fictional service brand were examined. The data were collected from 400 participants and analysed with linear regression. According to the findings of the study, the attitudes of the consumers towards the television program, perceived service quality, and selfconnection with the fictional service brand positively affect the attitudes towards the fictional service brand in Turkish TV Series.
Kaynakça
- Aaker, J. & S. Fournier & S.A. Brasel (2004), “When good brands do bad”, Journal of Consumer Research, 31(1), 1-16.
- Andersen, R. & J. Gray (2008), Battleground, Greenwood Press: Westport, CT.
- Aziz, A. (1981), Radyo ve Televizyona Giriş, Ankara, 51-55.
- Bandura, A. (1971), Social Learning Theory, New York: General Learning Press.
- Başgöze, P. & Ş. Kazancı (2014), “Ürün Yerleştirme ve Reklama İlişkin Tutumların Satın Alma Eğilimi ve Marka İmajı Üzerine Etkileri”, Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 32(1), 29-54.
- Batıgün, A.D. & A.B. Sunal (2017), “TV dizilerinde yer alan karakterlerle kurulan parasosyal etkileşim: Evlilik doyumu, psikolojik belirtiler ve bazı sosyo-demografik değişkenler açısından değerlendirme”, Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 32(79), 52.
- Berry, L.L. (2000), “Cultivating Service Brand Equity”, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 28(1), 128-137.
- Brown, T.J. & P.A. Dacin (1997), “The company and the product: Corporate associations and consumer product responses”, Journal of Marketing, 61(1), 68-84.
- Chaplin, L.N. & D.J. John (2005), “The development of self-brand connections in children and adolescents”, Journal of Consumer Research, 32(1), 119-129.
- Cheng, S.Y. & T.B. White & L.N. Chaplin (2012), “The effects of self‐brand connections on responses to brand failure: A new look at the consumer-brand relationship”, Journal of Consumer Psychology, 22(2), 280-288.
- Cooper, H. & S. Schembri & D. Miller (2010), “Brand selfidentity narratives in the James Bond movies”, Psychology & Marketing, 27(6), 557-567.
- Cronbach, L.J. (1951), “Coefficient Alpha and internal structure of tests”, Psychometrica, 16(8), 297-334.
- d’Astous, A. & F. Chartier (2000), “A Study of Factors Affecting Consumer Evaluations and Memory of Product Placements in Movies”, Journal of Current Issues and Research in Advertising, 22 (2), 31-40.
- Dolich, I. (1969), “Congruence relationships between self images and product brands”, Journal of Marketing Research, 6(1), 80-84.
- Escalas, J.E. & J.R. Bettman (2003), “You are what they eat: The influence of reference groups on consumers’ connections to brands”, Journal of Consumer Psychology, 13(3), 339-348.
- Escalas, J.E. (2004), “Narrative processing: Building consumer connections to brands”, Journal of Consumer Psychology, 14(1-2), 168-180.
- Edery, D. (2006), “Reverse product placement in virtual worlds”, Harvard Business Review, 84(12), 24-24.
- Elden, M. (2003), Reklam Yazarlığı, İletişim Yayınları, Sena Ofset, İstanbul.
- Gürel, E. & J. Alem (2005), “Kurgusal Ürün Yerleştirme”, Gazi Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi, (20), 133-155.
- Goldberg, M.E. & G.J. Gorn (1987), “Happy and Sad TV Programs: How They Affect Reactions to Commercials”, Journal of Consumer Research, 14(3), 387-403.
- Hair, J.F. & R.E. Anderson & B.J. Babin & W.C. Black (2010), Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective (Vol. 7), Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
- Hess Jr, R.L. & S. Ganesan & N.M. Klein (2003), “Service failure and recovery: The impact of relationship factors on customer satisfaction”, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 31(2), 127-145.
- Hosea, M. (2007), “Fantasy brands on a reality check (cover story)”, Brand Strategy, (212), 24-29.
- Jana, R. (2006), Starwood Hotels Explore Second Life First, <https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2006-08-22/starwood-hotels-explore-second-life-first>, 20.01.2019.
- Jin, C. & J. Villegas (2007), “The Effect of the Placement of the Product in Film: Consumers Emotional Responses to Humorous Stimuli and Prior Brand Evaluation”, Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, 15(4), 244 -255.
- Karanis, A.F. (2016), Bir Samatya masalı: Ali Haydar-İkinci Bahar, 20 Ocak, <https://www.buseterim.com.tr/kesif/bir-samatya-masali-ali-haydar-ikinci-bahar/491>, 09.01.2019.
- Kavak, B. (2013), Pazarlama ve Pazar Araştırmaları: Tasarım ve Analiz, Detay Yayıncılık.
- Kuyucu, M. (2019), “Gençlerin Türkiye’de Üretilen Televizyon Dizilerine Yönelik Tutumları ve Dizi Tüketim Faktörlerinin Analizi”, Uluslararası Kültürel ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi (UKSAD), 5(2), 558-599.
- Moss, L. (2018), Nielsen: Product Placements Succeed in 'Emotionally Engaging' Shows, 29 Mart, <https://www.multichannel.com/news/nielsen-product-placements-succeed-emotionally-engaging-shows-292849>, 02.03.2019.
- Muzellec, L. & C. Kanitz & T. Lynn (2013), “Fancy a coffee with Friends in ‘Central Perk’? Reverse product placement, fictional brands and purchase intention”, International Journal of Advertising, 32(3), 399-417.
- Murry, J.P. & J.L. Lastovicka & S.N. Singh (1992), “Feeling and Liking Responses to Television Programs: An Examination of Two Explanations for Media-Context Effects“, Journal of Consumer Research, 18(4), 441-451.
- Öner, U. (1987), “Benlik Gelişimine İlişkin Kuramlar”, içinde: B. Onur (ed.), Ergenlik Psikolojisi, II. Basım, Hacettepe Taş Kitapçılık, Ankara.
- Patwardhan, H. & P. Patwardhan (2016), “When Fiction becomes Fact: Effect of Reverse Product Placement on Consumer Attitudes”, Journal of Promotion Management, 22(3), 349-369.
- Parasuraman, V.A. & V. Zeithaml & L. Berry (1988), “SERVQUAL: Multiple- Item Scale for Measuring Consumer Perceptions of Service Quality”, Journal of Retailing, 64(1), 12-40.
- Parasuraman, A. & L.L. Berry & V.A. Zeithaml (1991), “Refinement and reassessment of the SERVQUAL scale”, Journal of Retailing, 67(4), 420.
- Russell, C.A. (2002), “Investigating the Effectiveness of Product Placements in Television Shows: The Role of Modality and Plot Connection Congruence on Brand Memory and Attitude,” Journal of Consumer Research, 29 (December), 306-318.
- Russell, C.A. & B.B. Stern (2006), “Consumers, characters, and products: A balance model of sitcom product placement effects”, Journal of Advertising, 35(1), 7-21.
- Stafford, M.R. (1998), “Advertising sex¬typed services: The effects of sex, service type, and employee type on consumer attitudes”, Journal of Advertising, 27(2), 65-82.
- Sung, Y. & D.F. Gregorio (2008), “New brand worlds: college student consumer attitudes toward brand placement in films, television shows, songs, and video games”, Journal of Promotion Management, 14(1-2), 85-101.
- Tabachnick, B.G. & L.S. Fidell (2013), Using Multivariate Statistics, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Pearson.
- Taylor, S.A. & T.L. Baker (1994), “An assessment of the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction in the formation of consumers’ purchase intentions”, Journal of Retailing, 70(2), 163-178.
- Wasserman, T. (2007), “Forward Thinkers Push Reverse Product Placement”, Brandweek, 48(5), 5.
- Weaver, D.T. & M.B. Oliver (2000), “Television programs and advertising: measuring the effectiveness of product placements within Seinfeld”, Paper presented at the 51st Annual Conference of the International Communication Association, Acapulco, Mexico.
- Williamson, C. (2000), “Consumer and professional standards: working towards consensus”, BMJ Quality & Safety, 9(3), 190-194.
- Vranica, S. (2011), “Great Scott! Dunder Mifflin Morphs into Real-Life brand of copy paper”, Wall Street Journal.
- Zeithaml, V.A. & M.J. Bitner & D.D. Gremler (2006), Services Marketing: Integrating Customer Focus Across The Firm, McGraw-Hill.
Tüketicinin Kurgusal Markalara Yönelik Tutumunu Etkileyen Faktörler: Türk Dizilerinde Uygulama
Yıl 2021,
Cilt: 29 Sayı: 47, 285 - 299, 25.01.2021
Pinar Basgoze
,
Ezel Bozlak
Öz
Tersine Ürün Yerleştirme; kurgusal markaların eğlence dünyasından çıkarak gerçek dünya ürünlerine dönüşmesi ve ticarileştirileşmesi anlamına gelmektedir. Bu nedenle, Tersine Ürün Yerleştirme’yi etkileyen faktörleri incelemek kurgusal markaların ticarileştirilme kararları açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, tüketicinin Türk dizilerinde yer alan kurgusal hizmet markalarına yönelik tutumunu etkileyen faktörleri incelemektir. Dolayısıyla çalışmada tüketicinin televizyon programına yönelik tutumunun, televizyon programında yer alan kurgusal hizmete yönelik olarak algıladığı kalitenin ve kurgusal hizmet markası ile benlik bağı kurmasının kurgusal hizmet markasına olan tutumu üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda önerilmiş̧ olan model doğrultusunda 400 katılımcıdan veri toplanmış̧ ve elde edilen veriler doğrusal regresyon analizi ile test edilmiştir. Uygulanan analiz sonucu elde edilen bulgulara göre; tüketicinin televizyon programına yönelik tutumu, televizyon programında yer alan kurgusal hizmete dair algıladığı kalite ve kurgusal bir hizmet markası ile benlik bağı kurması Türk dizilerinde yer alan kurgusal hizmet markasına olan tutumunu olumlu yönde etkileyebilecektir.
Kaynakça
- Aaker, J. & S. Fournier & S.A. Brasel (2004), “When good brands do bad”, Journal of Consumer Research, 31(1), 1-16.
- Andersen, R. & J. Gray (2008), Battleground, Greenwood Press: Westport, CT.
- Aziz, A. (1981), Radyo ve Televizyona Giriş, Ankara, 51-55.
- Bandura, A. (1971), Social Learning Theory, New York: General Learning Press.
- Başgöze, P. & Ş. Kazancı (2014), “Ürün Yerleştirme ve Reklama İlişkin Tutumların Satın Alma Eğilimi ve Marka İmajı Üzerine Etkileri”, Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 32(1), 29-54.
- Batıgün, A.D. & A.B. Sunal (2017), “TV dizilerinde yer alan karakterlerle kurulan parasosyal etkileşim: Evlilik doyumu, psikolojik belirtiler ve bazı sosyo-demografik değişkenler açısından değerlendirme”, Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 32(79), 52.
- Berry, L.L. (2000), “Cultivating Service Brand Equity”, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 28(1), 128-137.
- Brown, T.J. & P.A. Dacin (1997), “The company and the product: Corporate associations and consumer product responses”, Journal of Marketing, 61(1), 68-84.
- Chaplin, L.N. & D.J. John (2005), “The development of self-brand connections in children and adolescents”, Journal of Consumer Research, 32(1), 119-129.
- Cheng, S.Y. & T.B. White & L.N. Chaplin (2012), “The effects of self‐brand connections on responses to brand failure: A new look at the consumer-brand relationship”, Journal of Consumer Psychology, 22(2), 280-288.
- Cooper, H. & S. Schembri & D. Miller (2010), “Brand selfidentity narratives in the James Bond movies”, Psychology & Marketing, 27(6), 557-567.
- Cronbach, L.J. (1951), “Coefficient Alpha and internal structure of tests”, Psychometrica, 16(8), 297-334.
- d’Astous, A. & F. Chartier (2000), “A Study of Factors Affecting Consumer Evaluations and Memory of Product Placements in Movies”, Journal of Current Issues and Research in Advertising, 22 (2), 31-40.
- Dolich, I. (1969), “Congruence relationships between self images and product brands”, Journal of Marketing Research, 6(1), 80-84.
- Escalas, J.E. & J.R. Bettman (2003), “You are what they eat: The influence of reference groups on consumers’ connections to brands”, Journal of Consumer Psychology, 13(3), 339-348.
- Escalas, J.E. (2004), “Narrative processing: Building consumer connections to brands”, Journal of Consumer Psychology, 14(1-2), 168-180.
- Edery, D. (2006), “Reverse product placement in virtual worlds”, Harvard Business Review, 84(12), 24-24.
- Elden, M. (2003), Reklam Yazarlığı, İletişim Yayınları, Sena Ofset, İstanbul.
- Gürel, E. & J. Alem (2005), “Kurgusal Ürün Yerleştirme”, Gazi Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi, (20), 133-155.
- Goldberg, M.E. & G.J. Gorn (1987), “Happy and Sad TV Programs: How They Affect Reactions to Commercials”, Journal of Consumer Research, 14(3), 387-403.
- Hair, J.F. & R.E. Anderson & B.J. Babin & W.C. Black (2010), Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective (Vol. 7), Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
- Hess Jr, R.L. & S. Ganesan & N.M. Klein (2003), “Service failure and recovery: The impact of relationship factors on customer satisfaction”, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 31(2), 127-145.
- Hosea, M. (2007), “Fantasy brands on a reality check (cover story)”, Brand Strategy, (212), 24-29.
- Jana, R. (2006), Starwood Hotels Explore Second Life First, <https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2006-08-22/starwood-hotels-explore-second-life-first>, 20.01.2019.
- Jin, C. & J. Villegas (2007), “The Effect of the Placement of the Product in Film: Consumers Emotional Responses to Humorous Stimuli and Prior Brand Evaluation”, Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, 15(4), 244 -255.
- Karanis, A.F. (2016), Bir Samatya masalı: Ali Haydar-İkinci Bahar, 20 Ocak, <https://www.buseterim.com.tr/kesif/bir-samatya-masali-ali-haydar-ikinci-bahar/491>, 09.01.2019.
- Kavak, B. (2013), Pazarlama ve Pazar Araştırmaları: Tasarım ve Analiz, Detay Yayıncılık.
- Kuyucu, M. (2019), “Gençlerin Türkiye’de Üretilen Televizyon Dizilerine Yönelik Tutumları ve Dizi Tüketim Faktörlerinin Analizi”, Uluslararası Kültürel ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi (UKSAD), 5(2), 558-599.
- Moss, L. (2018), Nielsen: Product Placements Succeed in 'Emotionally Engaging' Shows, 29 Mart, <https://www.multichannel.com/news/nielsen-product-placements-succeed-emotionally-engaging-shows-292849>, 02.03.2019.
- Muzellec, L. & C. Kanitz & T. Lynn (2013), “Fancy a coffee with Friends in ‘Central Perk’? Reverse product placement, fictional brands and purchase intention”, International Journal of Advertising, 32(3), 399-417.
- Murry, J.P. & J.L. Lastovicka & S.N. Singh (1992), “Feeling and Liking Responses to Television Programs: An Examination of Two Explanations for Media-Context Effects“, Journal of Consumer Research, 18(4), 441-451.
- Öner, U. (1987), “Benlik Gelişimine İlişkin Kuramlar”, içinde: B. Onur (ed.), Ergenlik Psikolojisi, II. Basım, Hacettepe Taş Kitapçılık, Ankara.
- Patwardhan, H. & P. Patwardhan (2016), “When Fiction becomes Fact: Effect of Reverse Product Placement on Consumer Attitudes”, Journal of Promotion Management, 22(3), 349-369.
- Parasuraman, V.A. & V. Zeithaml & L. Berry (1988), “SERVQUAL: Multiple- Item Scale for Measuring Consumer Perceptions of Service Quality”, Journal of Retailing, 64(1), 12-40.
- Parasuraman, A. & L.L. Berry & V.A. Zeithaml (1991), “Refinement and reassessment of the SERVQUAL scale”, Journal of Retailing, 67(4), 420.
- Russell, C.A. (2002), “Investigating the Effectiveness of Product Placements in Television Shows: The Role of Modality and Plot Connection Congruence on Brand Memory and Attitude,” Journal of Consumer Research, 29 (December), 306-318.
- Russell, C.A. & B.B. Stern (2006), “Consumers, characters, and products: A balance model of sitcom product placement effects”, Journal of Advertising, 35(1), 7-21.
- Stafford, M.R. (1998), “Advertising sex¬typed services: The effects of sex, service type, and employee type on consumer attitudes”, Journal of Advertising, 27(2), 65-82.
- Sung, Y. & D.F. Gregorio (2008), “New brand worlds: college student consumer attitudes toward brand placement in films, television shows, songs, and video games”, Journal of Promotion Management, 14(1-2), 85-101.
- Tabachnick, B.G. & L.S. Fidell (2013), Using Multivariate Statistics, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Pearson.
- Taylor, S.A. & T.L. Baker (1994), “An assessment of the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction in the formation of consumers’ purchase intentions”, Journal of Retailing, 70(2), 163-178.
- Wasserman, T. (2007), “Forward Thinkers Push Reverse Product Placement”, Brandweek, 48(5), 5.
- Weaver, D.T. & M.B. Oliver (2000), “Television programs and advertising: measuring the effectiveness of product placements within Seinfeld”, Paper presented at the 51st Annual Conference of the International Communication Association, Acapulco, Mexico.
- Williamson, C. (2000), “Consumer and professional standards: working towards consensus”, BMJ Quality & Safety, 9(3), 190-194.
- Vranica, S. (2011), “Great Scott! Dunder Mifflin Morphs into Real-Life brand of copy paper”, Wall Street Journal.
- Zeithaml, V.A. & M.J. Bitner & D.D. Gremler (2006), Services Marketing: Integrating Customer Focus Across The Firm, McGraw-Hill.