A Socioeconomic Analysis in Terms of Household Digital Technology Ownership

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 56, 461 - 477, 28.04.2023

Behice Canatan , Gökhan Özbilge , Egemen İpek

https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2023.02.21

Öz

In this study, individuals may be willing to have digital technology ownership for purposes such as employment, personal development, and/or e-commerce, as well as their income and sociodemographic characteristics. In this direction, the study aims to investigate the effects of preferred technology applications in the household and income and sociodemographic factors that impact digital technology ownership in Türkiye. For this purpose, Turkstat 2021 Household Information Technologies Usage Research Micro Data Set and generalised ordered logit method were used. The findings indicate that more than income alone is needed to expand digital technology ownership, and related factors such as e-commerce, e-skills, and online course taking should also be addressed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Digital Technology, Digital Applications, Household, Household Income, Generalized Ordered Logit Model

Hanehalkı Dijital Teknoloji Sahipliği Açısından Sosyoekonomik Bir Analiz

Öz

Bu çalışmada bireylerin gelir ve sosyodemografik özelliklerinin yanında, istihdam, kişisel gelişim ve/veya e-ticaret gibi amaçlarla da dijital teknolojilere sahip olmaya istekli olabilecekleri göz önüne alınmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de dijital teknoloji sahipliği üzerinde etkisi olan gelir ve sosyodemografik faktörlerle beraber, hanede tercih edilen teknoloji uygulamalarının etkilerini araştırmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, TÜİK 2021 Hanehalkı Bilişim Teknolojileri Kullanım Araştırması Mikro Veri Seti ve genelleştirilmiş sıralı logit yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, gelir seviyesinin dijital teknoloji sahipliğinin genişletilmesinde tek başına yeterli olamayacağını, e-ticaret, e-beceriler ve çevrimiçi kurs alma gibi ilgili faktörlerin de ele alınması gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dijital Teknoloji, Dijital Uygulamalar, Hanehalkı, Hane Geliri, Genelleştirilmiş Sıralı Logit Model

Kaynakça

• Ali, M.A. et al. (2019), “Do Income Distribution and Socio-Economic Inequality Affect ICT Affordability? Evidence from Australian Household Panel Data”, Economic Analysis and Policy, 64, 317-328.
• Alkan, Ö. & Ş. Ünver (2020), “Türkiye’de E-Devlet Hizmetlerinin Kullanımını Etkileyen Faktörlerin Analizi”, Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 34(4), 1431-1453.
• Bahia, K. et al. (2021), “Mobile Broadband Internet, Poverty and Labor Outcomes in Tanzania”, IZA Discussion Paper, 14720.
• Baran, A.G. vd. (2017), “Yaşlıların Dijital Teknolojileri Kullanım Düzeyleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma”, İletişim Kuram ve Araştırma Dergisi, 1(45), 3-24.
• Baro, E. E. & B.E.C. Endouware (2013), “The effects of mobile phone on the socio-economic life of the rural dwellers in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria”, Information Technology for Development, 19(3), 249-263.
• Battisti, E. et al. (2022), “Remote Working And Digital Transformation During The COVID-19 Pandemic: Economic-Financial Impacts and Psychological Drivers for Employees”, Journal of Business Research, 150, 38-50.
• Baum, F. et al. (2012), “Vicious cycles: digital technologies and determinants of health in Australia”, Health Promotion International, 29(2), 349-360.
• Bui, T.H. (2022), “English Teachers’ Integration of Digital Technologies in the Classroom”, International Journal of Educational Research Open, 3, 100204.
• Cabı, E. (2016), “Dijital Teknolojiye Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği”, Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 24(3), 1229-1244.
• Çelik, A.K. et al. (2021), “The Impact of Narrow Personality Traits on Entrepreneurial Intention in Developing Countries: A Comparison of Turkish and Iranian Undergraduate Students Using Ordered Discrete Choice Models”, European Research on Management and Business Economics, 27(1), 100138.
• Çilan, Ç.A. & S. Kuzu (2013), “Kişisel E-Ticaret Uygulamalarının Kategorik Veri Analizi Yöntemleri ile Değerlendirilmesi”, Alphanumeric Journal, 1(1), 27-32.
• Daud, S.N.M. & A.H. Ahmad (2023), “Financial inclusion, economic growth and the role of digital technology”, Finance Research Letters, 53, 103602.
• Demirel, O. (2022), “Türkiye’de Bilgisayar Sahipliğini Etkileyen Faktörler: Logit ve Bivariate Probit Yaklaşımları”, Alanya Akademik Bakış, 6(2), 2275-2291.
• Ercan, U. (2021), “Hanehalklarının İletişim ve Bilgi Teknolojilerine Erişimi: Bir Poisson Regresyon Analizi”, Akdeniz Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi, (35), 402-422.
• Feng, C. et al. (2014), “Log-transformation and Its Implications for Data Analysis”, Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry, 26(2), 105-109.
• George, M.J. et al. (2020), “Young Adolescents' Digital Technology Use, Perceived Impairments, and Well-being in a Representative Sample”, The Journal of Pediatrics, 219, 180-187.
• He, S.Y. et al. (2022), “The Spatial Planning of Public Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure in A High-Density City Using A Contextualised Location-Allocation Model”, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 160, 21-44.
• Honoré, B. (2019), “Diffusion of Mobile Telephony: Analysis of Determinants in Cameroon”, Telecommunications Policy, 43(3), 287-298.
• Hua, T.X. & G. Erreygers (2019), “Applying Quantile Regression to Determine the Effects of Household Characteristics on Household Saving Rates in Vietnam”, Journal of Asian Business and Economic Studies, 27(2), 175-193.
• Hyytinen, A. et al. (2022), “Enhancing the adoption of digital public services: Evidence from a large-scale field experiment”, Government Information Quarterly, 39(3), 101687.
• İpek, E. (2019), “Türkiye’de Obezitenin Sosyoekonomik Belirleyicileri”, Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, (25), 57-70.
• İpek, Ö. (2022), “Türkiye’de Yaşlı Yetişkinlerde Öznel İyi Oluşun Belirleyicileri”, Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(1), 84-103.
• Kobus, M.B. et al. (2013), “Ownership versus on-campus use of mobile IT devices by university students”, Computers & Education, 68, 29-41.
• Kouladoum, J.C. et al. (2022), “Digital technologies and financial inclusion in Sub-Saharan Africa”, Telecommunications Policy, 46(9), 102387.
• Köse, T. & C. Oymak (2019), “E-health in Turkey: An Analysis of Consumer Activities”, Health and Technology, 9(2), 113-121.
• Le, T.H. et al. (2019), “Financial inclusion and its impact on financial efficiency and sustainability: Empirical evidence from Asia”, Borsa Istanbul Review, 19(4), 310-322.
• Lyons, A.C. et al. (2021), “Fintech Development and Savings, Borrowing, and Remittances: A Comparative Study of Emerging Economies”, Emerging Markets Review, 51, 100842.
• Ma, W. et al. (2020), “Impact of Internet Use on Economic Well‐being of Rural Households: Evidence from China”, Review of Development Economics, 24(2), 503-523.
• Malm, M.K. & K. Toyama (2021), “The burdens and the benefits: Socio-economic impacts of mobile phone ownership in Tanzania”, World Development Perspectives, 21, 100283.
• Marron, O. et al. (2020), “Factors associated with mobile phone ownership and potential use for rabies vaccination campaigns in southern Malawi”, Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 9(1), 1-11.
• Masaki, T. et al. (2020), “Broadband Internet and Household Welfare in Senegal”, IZA Discussion Paper, 13658.
• Mensah, J.T. et al. (2022), “Saving Lives through Technology: Mobile Phones and Infant Mortality”, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 9978.
• Michalaki, P. et al. (2015), “Exploring the Factors Affecting Motorway Accident Severity in England Using the Generalised Ordered Logistic Regression Model”, Journal of Safety Research, 55, 89-97.
• Nishijima, M. et al. (2017), “Evolution and Determinants of Digital Divide in Brazil (2005-2013)”, Telecommunications Policy, 41(1), 12-24.
• Orkunoğlu-Şahin, I.F. (2008), “Sayısal Bölünme ve Kutuplaşma Teorisi Arasındaki İlişki”, E-Yaklaşım, 192.
• Oyedapo, H.A. et al. (2021), “Quantile Regression Methods for Determination of Factors Associated with Nutritional Status of Women of Reproductive Age in Nigeria”, Scientific African, 14, e00988.
• Penard, T. et al. (2015), “Internet adoption and usage patterns in Africa: Evidence from Cameroon”, Technology in Society, 42, 71-80.
• Popkova, E.G. et al. (2022), “A Theory of Digital Technology Advancement to Address the Grand Challenges of Sustainable Development”, Technology in Society, 68, 101831.
• Pratama, A.R. (2017), “Exploring Personal Computing Devices Ownership among University Students in Indonesia”, International Conference on Social Implications of Computers in Developing Countries (835-841).
• Radcliffe, D. & R. Voorhies (2012), “A Digital Pathway to Financial Inclusion”, SSRN, 2186926.
• Rodríguez-Castelán, C. et al. (2021), “How do digital technologies affect household welfare in developing countries? Evidence From Senegal”, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 9576.
• Salata, S. & C. Grillenzoni (2021), “A spatial evaluation of multifunctional Ecosystem Service networks using Principal Component Analysis: A case of study in Turin, Italy”, Ecological Indicators, 127, 107758.
• Schuppan, T. (2009), “E-Government in developing countries: Experiences from sub-Saharan Africa”, Government Information Quarterly, 26(1), 118-127.
• Selim, S. & İ. Balyaner (2017), “Türkiye’de Hanehalkının Sahip Olduğu Bilişim Teknolojileri Ürünleri Sayısını Belirleyen Faktörlerin Araştırılması: Bir Sayma Veri Modeli”, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 9(22), 428-454.
• Stanković, J.J. et al. (2021), “An integrated approach of PCA and PROMETHEE in spatial assessment of circular economy indicators”, Waste Management, 128, 154-166.
• Szeles, M.R. (2018), “New Insights from a Multilevel Approach to the Regional Digital Divide in the European Union”, Telecommunications Policy, 42(6), 452-463.
• Tulinayo, F.P. et al. (2018), “Digital technologies in resource constrained higher institutions of learning: a study on students’ acceptance and usability”, International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 15(1), 1-19.
• TÜİK (2021), Hanehalkı Bilişim Teknolojileri Kullanım Araştırması Mikro Veri Seti.
• Vuorikari, R. et al. (2017), DigComp 2.0: The digital competence framework for citizens, European Commission Joint Research Centre.
• Williams, R. (2016), “Understanding and interpreting generalized ordered logit models”, The Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 40(1), 7-20.
• Yang, L. et al. (2021), “Mobile Internet Use and Multidimensional Poverty: Evidence from a Household Survey in Rural China”, Social Indicators Research, 158(3), 1065-1086.
• Zhang, X. (2017), “Exploring the patterns and determinants of the global mobile divide”, Telematics and Informatics, 34(1), 438-449.