Geliştirilen Bazı Kestane (Cucurbita maxima) ve Bal Kabağı (Cucurbita moschata) Hatlarında Tuzluluğa Tolerans

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 2, 183 - 195, 31.05.2016

Ertan Sait Kurtar , Ahmet Balkaya , Dilek Kandemir

Öz

Tuzluluk, bitki büyümesinde, gelişiminde ve verimliliğinde düşüşlere neden olan en önemli çevresel faktörlerden birisidir. Sunulan bu çalışmada, seleksiyon ile öne çıkan kestane (Cucurbita maxima) ve bal kabağı (Cucurbita moschata) hatlarında tuzluluk stresine karşı genotipik farklılığın belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada 3 bal kabağı (G9, 14BO01 ve 14YE02) ve 4 kestane kabağı (57Sİ21, 55ÇA15, 57Sİ06 ve G14) hattı kullanılmıştır. Tohumlar 2:1 oranında  torf:perlit karışımında çimlendirilmiştir. Tohum ekiminden 21 gün sonra, fideler perlit içeren plastik saksılara aktarılmıştır. 2 hafta sonra tuz uygulamalarına başlanmış ve NaCl 4 farklı EC değerinde (4, 8, 12 ve 16 dS m^–1) uygulanmıştır. Kestane ve bal kabaklarının strese tepkileri bitki gelişiminin erken döneminde incelenmiş, bu amaçla klorofil içeriği (SPAD değeri), stoma yoğunluğu (stoma/mm²) ve stoma boyutları (mm) belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, artan tuz dozlarında SPAD değerleri ile stoma boyutlarının azaldığını ancak stoma yoğunluğunun arttığını ortaya koymuştur. Sonuç olarak, kestane ve bal kabağı genotipleri tuza tolerans açısından geniş bir varyasyon ortaya koymuşlardır. Kestane kabakları bal kabaklarına göre daha tolerant bulunmuş, kestane kabaklarında 55ÇA15 ve 57Sİ21, bal kabaklarında ise G9 genotipi orta derecede tolerant olarak sınıflandırılmıştır.

Screening for Salinity Tolerance in Developed Winter Squash (Cucurbita maxima) and Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) Lines

Öz

Salinity is one of the major environmental factors that cause reduction in plant growth, development and productivity. One screening study was performed in order to determine the genotypical differences of selected promising winter squash (Cucurbita maxima) and pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) lines for salt stress. In this study, three pumpkin lines (G9, 14BO01 and 14YE02) and four winter squash (57SI21, 55CA15, 57SI06 and G14) lines were used. Seeds were germinated in a mixture of peat:perlite of 2:1 ratio. After 21 days of sowing, seedlings were transferred to plastic pots containing a perlite. Two weeks later, salt treatment started and NaCl concentration was applied at 4 different EC values (4, 8, 12 ve 16 dS m^–1). Stress responses of winter squash and pumpkin lines were evaluated in early plant development stage, in this way chlorophyll content (SPAD value), stoma density (stoma mm^-2) and stoma dimensions (mm) were determined. The results indicated that stomata intensity increased, while stomata density and SPAD value decreased in saline condition. In conclusion, the winter squash and pumpkin lines showed large variation in their response to salt tolerance. Winter squash lines were found as salt tolerant than pumpkin lines. 55CA15 and 57SI21 in winter squash, G9 in pumpkin were classified as mildly tolerant.

Kaynakça

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