Water Use Efficiency and Water Production Function of Corn under Full and Deficit Irrigation in a Cold Semi-arid Environment

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 2, 213 - 224, 28.06.2019

Reza Bahramloo Abolfazl Nasserı

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.510324

Öz

In this study, corn (Zea mays L.) yields
measured in the fields during eight years from 2005-2006 to 2012-2013 were compared with those simulated by the Agro-ecological Zone
method under cold semi-arid environment. The potential yield (Ym) of corn was 10 430 kg ha^-1
with a net water for irrigation of 6 180 m³ ha^-1. Water-production
function for corn was acquired with application efficiency scenarios from 100%
to 40%. To produce a potential yield of corn, irrigation water
requirement was 6 180, 6 867, 7 725, 8 829, 10 300, 12 360, 15 450 m³
ha^-1 under water application efficiency of 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50
and 40%, respectively. Results showed that measured yield
ranged from 5 784 to 7 026 kg ha^-1 per ha with an average of 6 404
kg ha^-1. Water applied to produce corn averaged 10 567 m³
ha^-1. The water use efficiency (WUE) averaged 0.61 kg m^-3 during
eight years and water application efficiency was 51.2% in corn farms. It is
suggested that deficit irrigation could be applied to enhance water use
efficiency in corn production under cold semi-arid environment. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Deficit irrigation, Corn irrigation, Water application efficiency, Water productivity

Soğuk Yarı Kurak Koşullarda Tam ve Eksik Sulama Altındaki Mısırın Su Kullanım Verimliliği ve Su Üretim Fonksiyonu

Öz

Bu çalışmada,  tarla koşullarında
2005-2006‘dan 2012-2013 yılları arasında sekiz yılda ölçülen mısır (Zea mays
L.) verimleri soğuk yarı kurak koşullarda Tarımsal Ekolojik Bölge yöntemi
tarafından simüle edilen verilerle karşılaştırılmıştır. Mısırın potansiyel
verimi (Ym), 618 m³/da net sulama suyu için 1 043 kg/da olmuştur.
Mısır için su üretim fonksiyonu, % 100 ile% 40 arasında uygulama verimliliği
senaryolarıyla elde edilmiştir. Potansiyel bir mısır verimi üretmek için,
sulama suyu gereksinimi, Sırasıyla % 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50 ve 40 su uygulama
etkinliği altında 618, 686.7, 772.5, 882.9, 1 030, 1 236, 1 545 m³/da
bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar, ölçülen verimin da başına ortalama 640.4 kg/da olduğu ve
578.4 ila 702.6 kg/da arasında değiştiğini göstermiştir. Mısır üretimi için
uygulanan su ortalama 1056.7 m³/da olmuştur. Mısır çiftliklerinde su
kullanım etkinliği (SKE) sekiz yıl boyunca ortalama 0.61 kg/m³ ve su
uygulama verimliliği % 51.2 olarak bulunmuştur. Soğuk yarı kurak ortamda mısır
üretiminde su kullanım verimliliğini artırmak için kısıntılı sulamanın
uygulanabileceği önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mısır sulama, Eksik sulama, Su uygulama etkinliği, Su verimliliği

Kaynakça

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