The Effects of Applications Humic Acids on Macronutrient, Micronutrient, Heavy Metal and Soil Properties

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 4, 809 - 816, 31.12.2019

Ferit Sönmez , Şevket Alp

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.512619

Cited By: 2

Öz

This
study was conducted on the YYU campus area as a field survey, according to the
randomized block experimental design carried out in three replicated. The
yellow and orange marigold species with humic acids (HA0;0 kg HA da^-1,
HA1;10 kg HA da^-1, HA2;20 kg HA da^-1, HA3;40 kg HA da^-1)
were used. At the end of the experiment, the soil samples taken from the field
of study were analyzed organic matter, soil reactions, total salt content, lime
content, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, natrium, iron,
manganese, zinc, copper, cadmium, nickel and lead contents. The increased humic
acid applications have influenced pH (P<0.01), lime (P<0.01), organic
matter (P<0.05) with phosphorus (P<0.01), iron (P<0.05), zinc
(P<0.05) and nickel (P<0.01) contents. The effect variety (V) has been
determined on the available of soil iron (P<0.01), zinc (P<0.01), cadmium
(P<0.01), nickel (P<0.01), and lead (P<0.01) contents. The interaction
of only affected the nickel (P<0.01) and zinc (P<0.01) contents. As a
result, humic acid applications have an important and positive effect on many
properties of soil.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Humic acids, marigold, soil, heavy metal

Humik Asit Uygulamalarının Toprak Özellikleri ile Makro Besin Elementi, Mikro Besin Elementi ve Ağır Metal İçerikleri Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Bu
çalışma YYU kampüsü deneme alanında tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre üç
tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Denemede test bitkisi olarak kadife çiçeği
bitkisinin sarı ve turuncu çeşitleri ile humik asit (HA0;0 kg HA da^-1,
HA1;10 kg HA da^-1, HA2;20 kg HA da^-1, HA3;40 kg HA da^-1)
kullanılmıştır. Denemenin sonunda alınan toprak örneklerinde organik madde, pH,
toplam tuz, kireç, azot, fosfor, potasyum, kalsiyum, magnezyum, sodyum, demir,
mangan, çinko, bakır, kadmiyum, nikel ve kurşun elementlerinin analizleri
yapılmıştır. Artan humik asit uygulamaları pH (P<0.01), kireç (P<0.01),
organik madde (P<0.05) ile fosfor (P<0.01), demir (P<0.05), çinko
(P<0.05) ve nikel (P<0.01) içeriklerine önemli düzeyde etki etmiştir.
Çeşit uygulaması toprakların yarayışlı demir (P<0.01), çinko (P<0.01),
kadmiyum (P<0.01), nikel (P<0.01) ve kurşun (P<0.01) içerikleri
üzerine önemli etkide bulunmuştur. İnteraksiyon yalnızca nikel (P<0.01) ve
çinko (P<0.01) üzerine etki etmiştir. Sonuç olarak humik asit uygulamaları
toprağın birçok özelliği üzerine olumlu ve önemli etkiye sahip olduğu
görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Humik asit, kadife çiçeği, toprak, ağır metal

Kaynakça

• Alagöz Z, Yılmaz E, Öktüren F (2006). Organik materyal ilavesinin bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal toprak özellikleri üzerine etkileri. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 19(2):245-254.
• Ali A, Rehman SU, Raza S, Allah SU (2014). Combined effect of humic acid and NPK on growth and flower development of Tulipa Gesneriana in Faisalabad, Pakistan. Journal of Ornamental Plants. 4(4): 39-48.
• Baran A, Cengiz O Ok S (2002). Humik asitin farklı kil tipine sahip topraklarda potasyum fiksasyonu üzerine etkisi. S.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 16(29):1-3.
• Bouyoucous GD (1951). A recablibration of the hydrometer method for making mechanical analysis of the soil. Agronomy J. 43:434-438.
• Boyle M, Frakenburger WT, Stolyz LH (1989). The influence of organic matter on soil aggregation and water infiltration. Journal of Production Agriculture. 2:290–299.
• Bozkurt M (2005). Ayrışma dereceleri farklı peatlerin humik asit kapsamlarının iki ayrı yöntemle karsılaştırılması. Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Toprak ABD Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara.
• Cacco G, Dell Agnolla G (1984) .Plant growth regulator activity of soluble humic substances. Can. J. Soil Sci. 64: 25-28.
• Clemente R, Bernal MP (2006). Fractionation of heavy metals and distribution of organic carbon in two contaminated soils amended with humic acids. Chemosphere. 64:1264–1273.
• Çelik H, Katkat AV, Aşık BB, Turan MA, (2008). Effects of soil applied humic substances to dry weight and mineral nutrients uptake of maize under calcareous soil conditions. Arch. Agron. Soil Sci. 54(6):605–614.
• Engebretson RR, Von Wandruszka R (1998). Kinetic aspects of cationenhanced aggregation in aqueous humic acids. Environ. Sci. Technol. 32:488–493.
• Engin VT, Cöcen Eİ (2013). Leonardite and Humic Matters. Journal of Underground Resources. 2:13-20.
• Erdal İ, Bozkurt MA, Çimrin KM, Karaca S, Sağlam M (2000). Kireçli bir toprakta yetiştirilen mısır bitkisi (Zea Mays L.) gelişimi ve fosfor alımı üzerine hümik asit ve fosfor uygulamasının etkisi. Turk J Agric For. 24: 663-668.
• Gezgin S (2019). Bitki Yetiştiriciliğinde Humik ve Fulvik Asit Kaynağı Olan Tki-Humas’ın Kullanım. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Bölümü. http://www.tkihumas.gov.tr/humas/pdf/kullanim.pdf (Erişim tarihi; 08.01.2019).
• Gümüş İ, Şeker C (2015). Influence of humic acid applications on soil physicochemical properties. Solid Earth Discuss. 7:2481–2500.
• Hızalan E, Ünal E (1966). Topraklarda Önemli Analizler. Ank. Üniv. Zir. Fak. Yayın no: 278. Imbufe AU, Patti AF, Burrow D, Surapaneni A, Jackson WR, Milner AD (2005). Effects of potassium humate on aggregate stability of two soils from Victoria, Australia. Geoderma. 125:321–330.
• Jackson M (1958). Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall, Inc. New Jersey, USA.
• Kacar B (1994). Bitki ve Toprağın Kimyasal Analizleri: III. Toprak Analizleri, A.Ü.Z.F. Eğt. Araşt. ve Gel. Vakfı Yayın No: 3, Ankara.
• Kacar B, Katkat V (2008). Bitki Besleme. Uludağ Üniv. Güçlendirme Vakfı Yayın. No: 127. Vipaş Yayınları No:3. 1998.
• Kerndorff H, Schnitzer M (1980). Sorption of metals on humic acid. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 44; 1701.
• Kloster N, M. Avena (2015). Interaction of humic acids with soil minerals: adsorption and surface aggregation induced by Ca2+. Environmental Chemistry. 12(6):31-738.
• Kütük C, Çaycı G, Baran A, Başkan O (2000). Effect of humic acid on some soil properties. Proceedendgs of International Symposium on Desertification, Konya, Turkey, pp: 324-328.
• Larcher W (2003). Physiological Plant Ecology: Ecophysiology and Stress Physiology of Functional Groups, 4th. Edition, Springer, New York.
• Lindsay WL, Norvel WA (1978). Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese, and copper. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 42:421-428.
• Liu A, Gonzalez RD (1999). Adsorption/Desorption in a system consisting of humic acid, heavy metals, and clay minerals. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 218: 225–232Livens FR (1991). Chemical reactions of metals with humic material. Environmental Pollution. 70: 183.
• Naik SK, Das DK (2007). Effect of lime, humic acid and moisture regime on the availability of zinc in alfisol. The Scientific World Journal. 7:1198–1206. DOI 10.1100/tsw.2007.192.
• Olsen SR, Cole V, Watanabe FS, Dean LA (1954). Estimations of available phosphorus in soils by extractions with sodium bicarbonate. U.S. Dept. of Agric. Cric. 939-941.
• Pekcan T, Çolak Esetlili B, Turan HS, Aydoğdu E (2018). Determination of some physical and chemical properties of organic materials originated from leonardite. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Uludag University. 32(1):31-41.
• Piccolo A (1988). Characteristics of soil humic extracts obtained by some organic and inorganic solvents and purified by HCl-HF treatment. Soil Sci. 146: 418–426.
• Pilanali N, Kaplan M (2002). Determination of relationship between some plant nutrient contents of soil and humic acid applied different forms with fruit colour of strawberry. Journal of Agricultural Science. 12(1):1-5.
• Richards LA (1954). Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkaline Soils. Handbook60. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture.
• Sara T, Omella F, Silvia Q, Serenella N (2010). Humic substances biological activity at the plant-soil interface from environmental aspects to molecular factors. Plant Signaling and Behavior. 5(6): 635–643.
• SAS (1988). Pc SAS User’s guide: statistics. Cary, NC: SAS Inst.
• Schnitzer M (1992). Significance of soil organic matter in soil formation, transport processes in soils and in the formation of soil structure. Soil Utilization and Soil Fertility. Volume 4, Humus Budget. 206, 63–81.
• Sönmez F, Bozkurt MA (2006). Lettuce grown on calcareous soils benefit from sewage sludge. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science. 56: 17-24.
• Sönmez F, Alp S, Yaşar Ö (2018). The Effects of humic acid application on the nutrient contents and heavy metals in organs of marigold (Tagetes Erecta L.). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. 26(2):5340-5348.
• Stevenson FJ (1982). Humus Chemistry: Genesis, Composition, Reaction. N.Y. Wiley-Interscience, 443p.
• Stevenson FJ (1994). Humus Chemistry: Genesis, Composition, Reactions, 2nd. Edition, John Wiley and Sons, Inc, New York 285.
• Thomas GW (1982). Exchangeable Cations. P. 159-165. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. Agronomy Monography. No:9, A.S.A.-S.S.S.A., Madison, Winconsin. USA.
• Walkey A (1947). A critical examination of a rapid method for determining organic carbon in soils: effect of variations in digestion conditions and inorganic soil constituents. Soil Science. 63: 251-263.
• Wang XJ, Wang ZQ, Liz SG (1995). The effect of humic acids on the availability of phosphorus fertilizers in alkaline soils. Soil Use and Management. 11:99-102.
• Yılmaz, E. ve Alagöz, Z. 2005. Organik materyal uygulamasının toprak agregat oluşum ve stabilitesi üzerine etkileri. Akdeniz Üni. Zir. Fak. Dergisi. 18(1): 131-138.