Identifying The Codes Of Conduct That Define The Higher Education Students' Ethical Rights

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 113 - 142, 27.07.2024

Dolunay Yılmaz , Senar Alkın Şahin

Öz

This study aims to reveal the ethical rights of higher education students and the codes of conduct that define these rights. The problem statement of the research was "What are the codes of conduct that define the ethical rights of higher education students?" The study was designed as a content analysis study. The documents that were used to collect the data, were the documents that contained the student codes of ethics and were openly shared on the websites of the first 28 universities which were among the best universities in the world in 2022, according to the "2022 QS World University Rankings". Data was collected by document analysis method. The collected data was examined using thematic coding analysis following an inductive analysis method. The study concluded that students have academic and non-academic rights as a whole. According to the results of the study, students' academic rights include the right to quality education, right to fair evaluation, right to object to evaluation results, right to know about course requirements and syllabus, right to participate in classes, right to protection of student intellectual property and right to have a sufficient course selection period, while their non-academic rights include rights related to university rules and policies, rights for disabled students, rights that protect university students and rights that grant certain freedoms to university students. These results can be used as a guide to create codes of conduct that define the ethical rights of students in order to create a climate which supports an ethical culture for the higher education in Turkey.

Anahtar Kelimeler

ethical codes of conduct, ethical rights, higher education students

Yükseköğretim Öğrencilerinin Etik Haklarını Tanımlayan Davranış Kodlarının Belirlenmesi

Öz

Bu araştırmada, yükseköğretim öğrencilerinin etik haklarını ve bu hakları tanımlayan davranış kodlarını ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın problem cümlesi “Yükseköğretim öğrencilerinin etik haklarını tanımlayan davranış kodları nelerdir?’’ şeklinde belirlenmiştir. Araştırma, içerik analizi yöntemi ile tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmanın veri kaynağını oluşturan dokümanlar, “2022 QS Dünya Üniversiteleri Sıralaması”na göre dünya çapında 2022 yılının en iyi üniversiteleri arasına giren ilk 28 Üniversitenin web sitelerinde açıkça paylaştıkları öğrenci etik kodlarını içeren belgelerden oluşmaktadır. Veriler, doküman incelemesi yöntemiyle toplanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında ulaşılan dokümanlar, tümevarımsal bir yol izlenerek tematik kodlama analizi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmada, öğrencilerin akademik ve akademik olmayan haklara bir bütün olarak sahip oldukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre öğrencilerin akademik hakları kaliteli eğitim, adil değerlendirilme, değerlendirme sonuçlarına itiraz etme, ders koşullarını ve izlencesini bilme, derslere katılım, fikri mülkiyetlerinin korunması ve yeterli bir ders seçim süresine sahip olma iken akademik olmayan hakları üniversite kurallarını ve politikalarını ilgilendiren haklar, engelli öğrenci hakları, üniversite öğrencilerini koruyan haklar ve üniversite öğrencilerine bazı özgürlükleri tanıyan haklardır. Elde edilen bu sonuçlar, Türkiye’deki üniversitelerde etik kültürün var olduğu bir iklimin yaratılması amacıyla öğrencilerinin etik haklarını tanımlayan davranış kodlarının oluşturulması için rehber olarak kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Etik davranış kodları, etik haklar, yükseköğretim öğrencileri.

Kaynakça

• Andrews-Brown, A. (2022). Communicating non-academic policies to students: Exploring effective practices in higher education institutions [Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Calgary.
• Ani, C. K. C. (2018). The postgraduate faculty and the mentor-mentee: The tree of character as the engine of successful scholarship. In O. F. Ike & C. Onyia (Eds.), Ethics in higher education, foundation for sustainable development 2 (pp. 341-360). Globethics.net. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/167728
• Bahadır, Ş., Dinçer, E., Öner, E. Özkaya, A. ve Öztek, Ö. (2016). Üniversitede engelli öğrenci olmak. Ufkun Ötesi Bilim Dergisi, 16(1), 27-55. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/uobild/issue/42561/513059
• Barberet, R., Fisher, B. S. & Taylor, H. (2004). University student safety in the East Midlands. Home office online report 61/04. U.S. Department of Justice. https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/university-student-safety-east-midlands
• Bowen, A. G. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027
• Brown, B. S. (1994). Academic ethics of graduate engineering students. Chemical Engineering Education, 28 (4), 242-265. https://journals.flvc.org/cee/issue/view/5715
• Brown, B. & Wilkins, A. (2002). The academic ethics of students in principles of economics. International Business & Economics Research Journal, 1 (1), 109-116. https://doi.org/10.19030/iber.v1i1.3885
• Chang, H.-T., Lin, C.-Y., Wang, L.-W., & Tseng, F.-C. (2022). How students can effectively choose the right courses: Building a recommendation system to assist students in choosing courses adaptively. Educational Technology & Society, 25(1), 61-74. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AY7ap2LG82zNd0ilrn5_pOVapMSjmXOg/view
• Chukwuma, J. N. & Ome, G. E. (2018). An ethical examination of social neglect and marginalization of the mental psychotics in Nigeria. In O. F. Ike & C. Onyia (Eds.), Ethics in higher education, foundation for sustainable development 2 (pp.323-340). Globethics.net. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/167728
• Clute, M. J. (1971). Rights and responsibilities of students. In Robert R. Leeper (Ed.), Curricular concerns in a revolutionary era; Readings from educational leadership (pp. 144-146). Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. https://files.ascd.org/staticfiles/ascd/pdf/journals/ed_lead/el_196812_clute.pdf
• Joint Committee on Testing Practices. (1990). Code of fair testing practices in education. Journal of Business and Psychology, 4(3), 391–396. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25092244
• Dawson, C. (2015). Verileri nasıl analiz edebiliriz? A. Arı (Çev. Ed.) ve Ç. Toraman (Çev.) Araştırma yöntemlerine giriş (4. Baskı, s. 91-104) içinde. Konya: Eğitim Yayıncılık.
• Dolce, C. J. (1971, February 20-24). A sensible assessment of student rights and responsibilities [Conference Presentation]. American Association of School Administrators Annual Convention, New Jersey, United States. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED050447.pdf
• Estrada-Real, A. C. & Cantu-Ortiz, F. J. (2022). A data analytics approach for university competitiveness: The QS world university rankings. International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing, 16, 871–891. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12008-022-00966-2
• Gama, P., Almeida, F., Seixas, A., Peixoto, P. & Esteves, D. (2013, October 31- November 1). Ethics and academic fraud among higher education engineering students in Portugal [Conference Presentation]. 1st International Conference of the Portuguese Society for Engineering Education (CISPEE), Porto, Portugal. DOI:10.1109/CISPEE.2013.6701983
• Gerçek, H., Güven, M. H., Özdamar, Ş. O., Yelken, T. Y. ve Korkmaz, T. (2011). Yükseköğretim kurumlarında etik ilkeler, sorumluluklar ve davranış kuralları. Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi, (1)2, 80-88. DOI:10.5961/jhes.2011.013
• Herrington, T. K. (2010). Intellectual property on campus student’s rights and responsibilities. Southern Illionis Universty Press. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED050447.pdf
• Hrinko, J. J. (1974). The effect of student rights and responsibilities movement on Massachusetts schools [Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation]. Walden University. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED096565.pdf İlhan, E., Çam, Ş. S. ve Çam, Z. (2018). Yükseköğretimde öğrencilerin akademik, sosyal ve kültürel faaliyetlere etkin katılımı. Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(2), 213-234. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/606513
• Jhonson, E. G. (2012) The academic performance of students: Legal and ethical issues. In D. M. Billings & J. A. Halstead (Eds.), Teaching in nursing a guide for faculty (pp. 34-43). Elsevier.
• Krippendorff, K. (2004). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
• Ludlum, M., Hongell, L., Tigerstedt, C. & Teeman, J. (2017). Academic ethics: A pilot study on the attitudes of Finnish students. Journal of Academic Ethics, 15(4), 307-320. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10805-017-9284-z
• McCabe, D. L. & Trevino, L. K. (1993). Academic dishonesty: Honor codes and other contextual influences. The Journal of Higher Education, 64(5), 522-538. https://doi.org/10.2307/2959991
• McClung, E. L. & Schneider, J. K. (2015). A concept synthesis of academically dishonest behaviors. Journal of Academic Ethics, 13(1), 1 -11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10805-014-9222-2
• Dannels, M. (1997). From discipline to development: Rethinking student conduct in higher education. ASHE-ERIC higher education report. The George Washington University. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED408920.pdf
• Miles, M. B. & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
• Mion, G. & Bonfanti, A. (2019). Drawing up codes of ethics of higher education institutions: Evidence from Italian universities. International Journal of Educational Management, 33(7), 1526-1538. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-08-2018-0264
• Mostafa, G. M. A. & Shazly, M. M. (2015). Creating bill of students rights and responsibilities at Helwan University. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(4), 176-190. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1083852.pdf
• Naeem, S. B., Bhatti, R. & Hassan, M. O. (2018). Is plagiarism a crime? University students’ commitment to fairness in academic writing. Pakistan Library & Information Science Journal, 49(1), 3-10.
• Onyia, C. (2018). Training of new teachers & students on ethics. In O. F. Ike & C. Onyia (Eds.), Ethics in higher education, foundation for sustainable development 2 (pp. 591-607). Globethics.net. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/167728
• Ozumba, B. (2018). Introduction: Going ethical for university of Nigeria—Global implications for policy and practice. In O. F. Ike & C. Onyia (Eds.), Ethics in higher education, foundation for sustainable development 2 (pp. 27-34). Globethics.net. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/167728
• Rezaee, Z., Elmore, R. C. & Zsendi, J. Z. (2001). Ethical behavior in higher educational institutions: The role of the code of conduct. Journal of Business Ethics, 30(2), 171–183. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25074489
• Robson, C. (2015). Nitel verinin analizi ve yorumlanması. Ş. Çınkır ve N. Demirkasımoğlu (Çev. Ed.) Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri gerçek dünya araştırması (1. Baskı, s. 575-608). Anı Yayıncılık.
• Saini, S. (2013). Academic ethics at the undergraduate level: Case study from the formative years of the institute. Journal of Academic Ethics, 11(1), 35- 44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10805-012-9169-0
• Sambell, K., McDowell, L. & Brown, S. (1997). "But is it fair?": An exploratory study of student perceptions of the consequential validity of assessment. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 23(4), 349-371. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-491X(97)86215-3
• Terrence, T. N. (1976). Student rights, decisionmaking, and the law report no.10. George Washington University. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED135269.pdf
• Thomas, A. & Zyl, A. V. (2014). Understanding of and attitudes to academic ethics among first‐year university students. African Journal of Business Ethics, 6(2), 143- 155. DOI: 10.4103/1817-7417.111028
• Weber, R. P. (1990). Basic content analysis (1st ed.). Newburry Park, CA.: Sage Publications.
• Williamson, E. G. (1965). Students' rights modified by correlative responsibities. In Owen A. Knorr ve W. John Minter (Eds.), Order and freedom on the campus: The rights and responsibilities of faculty and students (pp. 33-39). Colorado: The University of Michigan Librariea. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED032856.pdf#page=37
• World University Rankings (2021). QS top universities 2022. https://www.topuniversities.com/world-university-rankings/2022
• Yakovchuk, N., Badge, J. & Scott, J. (2011). Staff and student perspectives on the potential of honour codes in the UK. International Journal for Educational Integrity, 7(2), 37-52. DOI: 10.21913/IJEI.V7I2.762
• Young, D. P. & Braswell, M. C. (1987). An analysis of student academic rights, higher education. In Jhon C. Smart (Ed.), Handbook of theory and research volume III. New York: Agathon Press.