MILK, INSULIN LIKE GROWTH FACTOR (IGF-1) and HEALTH

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 47 Sayı: 6, 1140 - 1152, 15.12.2022

Sedef Nehir El , Sibel Karakaya

https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD22084

Öz

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), present in varying amounts in all mammalian milks, is a major regulator of the growth gene signaling system in the newborn. The main biological functions of IGF-1, an important anabolic hormone, are the regulation of cell metabolism, growth, cell proliferation, and programmed cell death (apoptosis). There are studies that reveal positive and negative effects or disease risks on human health with the level of IGF-1 in serum. A low level of serum IGF-1 is associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases, cardiac autophagy, hypertension, sarcopenia, nervous system diseases, and type 2 diabetes, while a high IGF-1 level is associated with prostate, premenopausal breast, and colorectal cancers and short life expectancy. IGF-1 is known to have a protective effect against Alzheimer's, dementia, and Parkinson's disease. When systematic reviews and meta-analysis studies are examined, it is clear that more studies are needed to obtain more consistent results regarding IGF-1 levels and the health effects of milk consumption. In addition, there are insufficient studies on how IGF-1 in milk is affected by milk processing and digestion, in terms of quantity and molecular level.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), in vitro digestion, bioavailability, milk consumption

SÜT, İNSÜLİN BENZERİ BÜYÜME FAKTÖRÜ (IGF-1) ve SAĞLIK

Öz

Tüm memeli sütlerinde farklı miktarlarda bulunan insülin benzeri büyüme faktörü (IGF-1) yenidoğan için büyüme gen sinyalizasyon sisteminin başlıca düzenleyicisidir. Önemli bir anabolik hormon olan IGF-1’in temel biyolojik fonksiyonları hücre metabolizmasının düzenlenmesi, büyüme, hücre çoğalması ve programlı hücre ölümüdür. Serumdaki IGF-1’in seviyesi ile insan sağlığı üzerine olumlu ve olumsuz etkilerini veya hastalık risklerini ortaya koyan çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Serum IGF-1 seviyesindeki azalma, kalp-damar hastalıkları, kalp otofaji, hipertansiyon, sarkopeni, sinir sistemi hastalıkları ve tip 2 diyabet riskleri ile ilişkilendirilirken, yüksek IGF-1 miktarı prostat, menopoz öncesi meme ve kolerektal kanserlerle ve yaşam süresinin kısalmasıyla bağlantılı bulunmaktadır. IGF-1’in Alzheimer, demans, Parkinson hastalıklarından koruyucu etkisi olduğu bilinmektedir. Sistematik derlemeler ve meta analiz çalışmaları incelendiğinde, süt tüketiminin IGF-1 seviyesi ve sağlık üzerine etkileri ile ilgili daha tutarlı sonuçlar elde etmek için daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Ayrıca sütteki IGF-1’in miktar olarak ve moleküler düzeyde, süte uygulanan ısısal olan veya olmayan işlemlerden ve sindirimden nasıl etkilendiğine dair çalışmalar yetersizdir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İnsülin-benzeri büyüme faktörü (IGF-1), in vitro sindirim, biyoyararlılık, süt tüketimi

Kaynakça

• Assunção, R., Pires, S. M., & Nauta, M. (2019). Risk-Benefit Assessment of Foods. EFSA Journal, 17(S2). https://doi.org/10.2903/J.EFSA.2019.E170917
• Blum, J. W., & Baumrucker, C. R. (2008). Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), IGF binding proteins, and other endocrine factors in milk: Role in the Newborn. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 606, 397–422. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-74087-4_16
• Clatici, V. G., Voicu, C., Voaides, C., Roseanu, A., Icriverzi, M., & Jurcoane, S. (2018). Diseases of Civilization – Cancer, Diabetes, Obesity and Acne – the Implication of Milk, IGF-1 and mTORC1. Mædica, 13(4), 273. https://doi.org/10.26574/MAEDICA.2018.13.4.273
• Crowe, F. L., Key, T. J., Allen, N. E., Appleby, P. N., Roddam, A., ... Kaaks, R. (2009). The association between diet and serum concentrations of IGF-I, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-3 in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 18(5), 1333-40. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0781
• Elfstrand, L., Lindmark-Månsson, H., Paulsson, M., Nyberg, L., & Åkesson, B. (2002). Immunoglobulins, growth factors and growth hormone in bovine colostrum and the effects of processing. International Dairy Journal, 12(11), 879–887. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-6946(02)00089-4
• Givens, D. I. (2020). MILK Symposium review: The importance of milk and dairy foods in the diets of infants, adolescents, pregnant women, adults, and the elderly. In Journal of Dairy Science (Vol. 103, Issue 11, pp. 9681–9699). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2020-18296
• Grenov, B., Larnkjær, A., Ritz, C., Michaelsen, K. F., Damsgaard, C. T., & Mølgaard, C. (2021). The effect of milk and rapeseed protein on growth factors in 7–8 year-old healthy children – A randomized controlled trial. Growth Hormone and IGF Research, 60–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ghir.2021.101418
• Guijarro, L. G., Cano-Martínez, D., Toledo-Lobo, M. V., Salinas, P. S., ...(2021). Relationship between IGF-1 and body weight in inflammatory bowel diseases: Cellular and molecular mechanisms involved. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, 144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112239
• Guo, J. Y., Zhang, Y. Q., Li, Y., & Li, H. (2021). Comparison of the difference in serum insulin growth factor-1 levels between chronological age and bone age among children. Clinical Biochemistry, 96(March), 63–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2021.07.008
• Harrison, S., Lennon, R., Holly, J., Higgins, J. P. T., Gardner, M., Perks, C., Gaunt, T., Tan, V., Borwick, C., Emmet, P., ..(2017). Does milk intake promote prostate cancer initiation or progression via effects on insulin-like growth factors (IGFs)? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Causes and Control, 28(6), 497–528. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10552-017-0883-1
• Hoeflich, A., & Meyer, Z. (2017). Functional analysis of the IGF-system in milk. In Best Practice and Research: Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism (Vol. 31, Issue 4, pp. 409–418). Bailliere Tindall Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beem.2017.10.002
• Hoppe, C., Mølgaard, C., Vaag, A. vd., (2005). High intakes of milk, but not meat, increase insulin and insulin resistance in 8-year-old boys, Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 59, 393–398, https:/doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602086
• Kang, S. H., Kim, J. U., Imm, J. Y., Oh, S., & Kim, S. H. (2006). The effects of dairy processes and storage on insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) content in milk and in model IGF-I-fortified dairy products. Journal of Dairy Science, 89(2), 402–409. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72104-X
• Kilic-Akyilmaz, M., Ozer, B., Bulat, T., & Topcu, A. (2022). Effect of heat treatment on micronutrients, fatty acids and some bioactive components of milk. In International Dairy Journal (Vol. 126). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2021.105231
• Kim, S. Y., & Yi, D. Y. (2020). Components of human breast milk: from macronutrient to microbiome and microRNA. Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics, 63(8), 301. https://doi.org/10.3345/CEP.2020.00059
• Kirovski, D, Knezevic, D. Golic, B. vd., (2021). Cow milk insulin like growth factor-1: risk or benefit for human health? Proceedings of the XII International Scientific Agricultural Symposium. Agrosym, 1196-1203. https://veterinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2274
• Kord-Varkaneh, H., Rinaldi, G., Hekmatdoost, A., Fatahi, S., Tan, S. C., Shadnoush, M., Khani, V., Mousavi, S. M., Zarezadeh, M., Salamat, S., Bawadi, H., & Rahmani, J. (2020). The influence of vitamin D supplementation on IGF-1 levels in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Research Reviews, 57(July 2019), 100996. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2019.100996
• Larnkjaer, A., Hoppe, C., Mølgaard, C., & Michaelsen, K. F. (2009). The effects of whole milk and infant formula on growth and IGF-I in late infancy. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 63, 956–963. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2008.80
• Lee, D. H., Tabung, F. K., & Giovannucci, E. L. (2022). Association of animal and plant protein intakes with biomarkers of insulin and insulin-like growth factor axis. Clinical Nutrition, 41(6), 1272–1280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2022.04.003
• Lewitt, M.S., Boyd, W.G. (2019) The Role of Insulin-Like Growth Factors and Insulin-Like Growth Factor–Binding Proteins in the Nervous System. Biochemistry Insight,12, 1-18. DOI: 10.1177/1178626419842176.
• Mann, S., Curone, G., Chandler, T. L., Moroni, P., Cha, J., Bhawal, R., & Zhang, S. (2020). Heat treatment of bovine colostrum: I. Effects on bacterial and somatic cell counts, immunoglobulin, insulin, and IGF-I concentrations, as well as the colostrum proteome. Journal of Dairy Science, 103(10), 9368–9383. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2020-18618
• Ollikainen, P., & Muuronen, K. (2013). Determination of insulin-like growth factor-1 and bovine insulin in raw milk and its casein and whey fractions after microfiltration and ultrafiltration. International Dairy Journal, 28(2), 83–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2012.09.001
• Ollikainen, P., & Riihimäki, A. M. (2012). Effects of heat-treatment on insulin-like growth factor-1 in bovine milk. International Dairy Journal, 23(2), 73–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2011.11.002
• Ong, K., Kratzsch, J., Kiess, W., & Dunger, D. (2002). Circulating IGF-I Levels in Childhood Are Related to Both Current Body Composition and Early Postnatal Growth Rate. https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article/87/3/1041/2846704
• Panuganti, P. L., Bazzano, L. A., & Ley, S. H. (2021). Hormones in human milk: a summary of the quantity, determinants, and health outcomes of milk hormones. Human Milk, 235–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-815350-5.00009-7
• Pardede, B. K., Utari, A., & Mexitalia, M. (2021). Insulin-like growth factor-1 and growth in infants 0-6 months of age. Paediatrica Indonesiana(Paediatrica Indonesiana), 61(2), 89–93. https://doi.org/10.14238/pi61.2.2021.89-93
• Park, J., Yan, G., Kwon, K. C., Liu, M., Gonnella, P. A., Yang, S., & Daniell, H. (2020). Oral delivery of novel human IGF-1 bioencapsulated in lettuce cells promotes musculoskeletal cell proliferation, differentiation and diabetic fracture healing. Biomaterials, 233(August 2019), 119591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119591
• Remaggi, G., Saleri, R., Andrani, M., Satolli, F., Rodighiero, E., & Elviri, L. (2022). Development and single laboratory validation of a targeted liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry-based method for the determination of insulin like growth factor-1 in different types of milk samples. Food Chemistry: X, 13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100271
• Rzehak, P., Grote, V., Lattka, E., Weber, M., Gruszfeld, D., Socha, P., Closa-Monasterolo, R., .. (2013). Associations of IGF-1 gene variants and milk protein intake with IGF-I concentrations in infants at age 6months - Results from a randomized clinical trial. Growth Hormone and IGF Research, 23(5), 149–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ghir.2013.05.002
• Shalaby, M. N. (2018). The Effect of Whey Protein (Natural Nanoparticle) on Muscle Strength, GH, IGF, T. Protein and body composition. Available Online Www.Ijpras.Com International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Allied Sciences, 7(1), 126–132. www.ijpras.com
• Schüler, R., Markova, M., Osterhoff, M. A., Arafat, A., Pivovarova, O., Machann, J., Hierholzer, J., Hornemann, S., Rohn, S., Andreas, ·, & Pfeiffer, F. H. (2021). Similar dietary regulation of IGF-1- and IGF-binding proteins by animal and plant protein in subjects with type 2 diabetes. European Journal of Nutrition, 60, 3499–3504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-021-02518-y
• Sutariya, S., Sunkesula, V., Kumar, R., & Shah, K. (2018). Milk and Milk Products, Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 and Cancer. EC Nutrition, 11(October), 696–705.
• Tai, V., Leung, W., Grey, A., Reid, I. R., & Bolland, M. J. (2015). Stratification of risk for hospital admissions for injury related to fall: cohort study. BMJ, 351:h4183. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h4183
• Tang, J. J., Podratz, J. L., Lange, M., Scrable, H. J., Jang, M. H., & Windebank, A. J. (2017). Mechano growth factor, a splice variant of IGF-1, promotes neurogenesis in the aging mouse brain. Molecular Brain, 10(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13041-017-0304-0
• Tunç, B. S., Toprak, F., Toprak, S. F., & Sozer, S. (2021). In vitro investigation of growth factors including MGF and IGF-1 in neural stem cell activation, proliferation, and migration. Brain Research, 1759(September 2020), 147366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147366
• TÜBER, Türkiye Beslenme Rehberi, (2015), T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Yayın No: 1031 , Ankara 2016.
• Upners, E. N., Ljubicic, M. L., Busch, A. S., Fischer, M. B., Almstrup, K., Petersen, J. H., Jensen, R. B., Hagen, C. P., & Juul, A. (2022). Dynamic Changes in Serum IGF-I and Growth during Infancy: Associations to Body Fat, Target Height, and PAPPA2 Genotype. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 107(1), 219–229. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgab653
• Ventura, R. E., Konigorski, S., Rohrmann, S., Schneider, H., Stalla, G.K., Pischon, T., Linseisen, J., Nimptsch, K. (2020)Association of dietary intake of milk and dairy products with blood concentrations of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in Bavarian adults. European Journal of Nutrition, 59, 1413-1420. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-019-01994-
• Vizzari, G., Morniroli, D., Ceroni, F., Verduci, E., Consales, A., Colombo, L., Cerasani, J., Mosca, F., & Giannì, M. L. (2021). Human Milk, More Than Simple Nourishment. Children 2021, Vol. 8, Page 863, 8(10), 863. https://doi.org/10.3390/CHILDREN8100863
• Wawrzyniak, N., & Suliburska, J. (2021). Nutritional and health factors affecting the bioavailability of calcium: A narrative review. Nutrition Reviews, 79(12), 1307–1320. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaa138
• Watling, C. Z., Kelly, R. K., Tong, T. Y. N., Piernas, C., Watts, E. L., Tin Tin, S., Knuppel, A., Schmidt, J. A., Travis, R. C., Key, T. J., & Perez-Cornago, A. (2021). Associations of circulating insulin-like growth factor-I with intake of dietary proteins and other macronutrients. Clinical Nutrition, 40(7), 4685–4693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2021.04.021
• Wiley, A. S. (2018). The evolution of lactase persistence: Milk consumption, insulin-like growth factor i, and human life-history parameters. Quarterly Review of Biology, 93(4), 319–345. https://doi.org/10.1086/700768
• Wiley, A. S., Joshi, S. M., Lubree, H. G., Bhat, D. S., Memane, N. S., Raut, D. A., & Yajnik, C. S. (2018). IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations at 2 years: Associations with anthropometry and milk consumption in an Indian cohort. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 72(4), 564–571. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-018-0108-z
• Willett, W., Rockström, J., Loken, B., Springmann, M., Lang, T., Vermeulen, S., Garnett, T., Tilman, D., DeClerck, F., … Murray, C. J. L. (2019). Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT–Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems. In The Lancet (Vol. 393, Issue 10170, pp. 447–492). Lancet Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31788-4
• Xian, C. J., Shoubridge, C. A., & Read, L. C. (1995). Degradation of IGF-1 in the adult rat gastrointestinal tract is limited by a specific antiserum or the dietary protein casein. Journal of Endocrinology, 146, 215–225.
• Xie, Z., & Yang, F. (2021). The effects of lycopene supplementation on serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels and cardiovascular disease: A dose-response meta-analysis of clinical trials. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 56, 102632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102632
• Xu, L., Hou, L., Wang, B., Zang, F. (2017). Effects of processing modes on the concentration of insülin-like growth factor 1 in goat milk. Food and Fermentation Industry 43,2, 62-66. Doi:10.13995/j.cnki11-1802/ts.201702011.
• Young, N. J., Metcalfe, C., Gunnell, D., Rowlands, M.-A., Lane, J Athene, Gilbert, R., Avery, K. N. L., ..(2012). A cross-sectional analysis of the association between diet and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF-II, IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-2, and IGFBP-3 in men in the United Kingdom. Cancer Causes Control 23, 907-017. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-012-9961-6
• Yun, Z., Zhang, H. P., Cai, X. W., & Zhang, L. B. (2007). Kinetic and thermodynamic studies on the thermal denaturation of bovine milk insulin-like growth factor-I in model systems. Le Lait, INRA Editions, 87, (2), 139-148. Hal-00895637.
• Zhang, F., Xu, L., Chen, S., Wang, B., Shao, Y., Zhao, A., & Han, X. (2018). Effects of goat milk fractions on the stability of IGF-I in simulated gastrointestinal conditions. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 91(December 2017), 229–234.