Depolama sırasında Ayvalık ve Memecik zeytinyağlarının triaçilgliserol kompozisyonundaki değişimlerin kemometrik yöntemler ile tespiti

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 6, 1497 - 1504, 01.12.2017

Didar Sevim , Oya Koseoğlu Durmus Ozdemir

https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.284473

Öz

Bu
çalışmada, Türkiye'de zeytinyağı üretimi için önemli bir potansiyele sahip olan
zeytin çeşitleri (Ayvalık ve Memecik) Ayvalık ve Aydın Bölgesindeki farklı
zeytin bahçelerinden 2009 ve 2010 hasat yıllarında hasat edilerek edilen
yağların depolama boyunca (15 ay) 
triaçilgliserol (TAG) kompozisyonlarındaki değişimler incelenmiştir.
Zeytinler 2 farklı olgunlaşma indeksine elle hasat edilmiş ve Abencor sistemi
ile yağ elde edişmiştir. Elde edilen zeytinyağı örnekleri oda sıcaklığında
saklanmış ve 15 ay boyunca aydınlık ve karanlığa maruz bırakılmıştır. Zeytinyağı
örneklerinin TAG kompozisyonuna çok değişkenli sınıflandırma ve kümeleme
analizi olan ana bileşen analizi (PCA) ve hiyerarşik küme analizi (HCA) gibi
denetimsiz kemometrik yöntemler uygulanmıştır. Zeytinyağlarının PCA ve HCA
analizleri, hasat yılı ve çeşitlerine göre önemli farklılıklar göstermiştir.
PCA  analizine göre, örneklerin  hasat yıllarına göre birinci ana bileşene
(PC1) dayalı olarak iki ana gruba ayrıldığı görülmektedir. Depolama etkisine
bakıldığında, depolama koşullarından bağımsız olarak (ya karanlıkta ya da
aydınlıkta) depolama başlangıcından 15 aylık depolamaya kadar olan sürede
örnekler arasında TAG bileşiminde önemli bir değişiklik görülmemiştir. Ayrıca,
PCA skoru, çeşitlere göre örneklerin her iki yılda da ikinci ana bileşene (PC2)
dayalı olarak iki alt gruba başarıyla kümelendiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ayvalık ve Memecik, Triaçilgliserol, OOO, HCA, PCA, Zeytinyağı

Determination of triacylglycerol composition of Ayvalık and Memecik olive oils during storage by chemometric methods

Öz

The
aim of present investigation is to discriminate two important Turkish olive
cultivars (Ayvalık and Memecik) by studying their triacylglycerol (TAG)
compositions during storage (15 months) taken from different  orchard in Ayvalık and Aydın region which
have a significant potential for olive oil production in Turkey, during 2009
and 2010 harvest years. Olives were harvested by hand at 2 different maturation
indices and processed by an Abencor system. The olive oil samples were stored
at room temperature and they were divided into two groups including exposed to
diffused daylight and dark for a period of 15 months. Multivariate
classification and clustering were done by the application of unsupervised
chemometrics methods such as principal component analysis (PCA) and
hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) based on the TAG profiles of the olive oil
samples. PCA and HCA analysis of olive oils showed significant differences
according to harvest years and cultivars. PCA scores plot showed that the
samples were classified into two main groups with respect to harvest years
based on the first principal component (PC1). In terms of storage effect, there
was no significant change in TAG compositions among the samples from beginning
of storage to 15 months of storage regardless of storage conditions (either in
dark or in daylight). In addition, PCA scores plot indicated that the samples
were also successfully clustered into two sub-groups according to cultivars in
both years based on the second principal component (PC2).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ayvalık and Memecik, Triacylglycerol, OOO, HCA, PCA, Olive oil

Kaynakça

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