Writing Rules

Authors must follow the style guidelines below in their manuscripts to be submitted to Beykent University Journal of Social Sciences. Manuscripts which have not been written in accordance with the said guidelines may not be reviewed, or may be excluded from review in any step of the review process.

Click here for a MS Word file sample. The MS Word template was written in the journal's publishing format. Prior to submission to the journal, manuscripts must be first prepared according to the said format. Since the journal adopts the double-blind peer review model, you must not fill in the author and institution sections of the submission form when you first submit your manuscript. It is important that you give the manuscript file the same name as the manuscript itself. Special care should be taken not to leave any information revealing the names and institutions of the authors in any part of the manuscript.

At submission, the "Copyright Agreement" and the "Title Page" containing the information relating to the authors and the study should be prepared and uploaded separately from the manuscript file.

Notes for the Title:

• Name of the manuscript should be written in both Turkish and English.

• Title of the manuscript should be no more than 20 words.

• Font size of the Turkish and English titles should be 14.

• The Turkish title should be on the first page of the manuscript, before the abstract, and justified.

• The English title should be on the first page of the manuscript, right after the Turkish title, and also justified. Titles should be single-spaced and a 6-point blank line should be inserted before and after the title. Initial letters in the Turkish and English titles should be capitalized.

Notes for Turkish abstract and English abstract

• Turkish abstract and English abstract should each be no less than 150 words and no longer than 250 words.

• The number of keywords should be no less than 3 and no more than 5.

• The font should be 9-point Times New Roman. Subheadings of the essential items in the Turkish abstract and the English abstract should be in bold font as shown in the sample table.

• Turkish and English abstracts should be single-spaced and the spacing between the paragraphs should be 0 pt both before and after.

• Abstract should be written in a way to state the aim, method, findings, limitations, and authenticity of the research.

• Abstract should be a single paragraph and should not be indented.

** NOTE: For research papers written in English, where the authors do not have a good command of the Turkish language or may request language support, the Turkish abstract is added by BUJSS in conformity with the abstract.

Notes for the English abstract (Abstract):

• The Abstract should follow the English grammar and spelling rules.

• English and Turkish abstracts should be consistent with each other (e.g. order and alignment of the items, concepts, terms, etc.), and the translation of terms should correspond to the relevant English literature. Margins in the English abstract should be the same as those in the Turkish abstract.

Notes for Extended Abstracts:

Extended abstracts enhance the international citation impact of the academic papers. Therefore, extended abstracts should be designed to provide a summary of the whole paper. Extended abstracts should be written in English. Extended abstracts should be written in a way to cover the conceptual framework, aim, importance, method, findings, conclusions, and recommendations of the relevant research paper with due regard to the characteristics of the discipline in which the study is carried out. Extended abstract should be placed right after the English Abstract and before the Introduction. The extended abstract should begin on a new page and be single-spaced, spacing between the paragraphs should be 0 pt both before and after, and the font type should be 9-point Times New Roman.

Plagiarism (Similarity) Notice:

In accordance with the publishing policy of Beykent University Journal of Social Sciences, the Office of the Secretary of the Journal runs a similarity check on Turnitin for all the manuscripts submitted to the Journal before the peer-review process. The upper limit of similarity is 15% excluding the references. The Office of the Secretary has the authority to require revision for or reject the papers exceeding this upper limit. Authors are required to upload their similarity reports to the system as well.

NOTE: General style guide for the manuscripts is as shown in the sample manuscript template.

Manuscript Style Guide

• Manuscripts should be written in MS “Word” (preferably Office 2010 and newer) in A4 page layout size.

• The length of the manuscript should be that of a journal article, thus no more than 25 pages.

• Page margins should be as follows: Left: 2.5 cm, Right: 2.5 cm, Top: 2.5 cm, and Bottom: 2.5 cm.

• Manuscripts should be single-spaced and written using the 11-point “Times New Roman” font type. The body text of the whole manuscript should use a 6-point line spacing before and after. There should be one space after commas and periods.

• Paragraph indentation should be set as "Special - First Line - By: 1 cm", and a 6-point blank line should be inserted before and after each paragraph. No additional blank lines should be left between the paragraphs (blank lines should not be left by pressing the enter button).

• Full name(s) of the author(s) should be 'aligned right' below the title in 10-point font. The title, institution, email address, and ORCID information of the author(s) shall be written in a 9-point footnote at the end of the page (Since this will be added by us during page layout, author(s) should not add the said information to their manuscripts when they upload them).

• Citations should be given as in-text parenthetical citations using the "author-date style". Explanatory notes should be written in a 9-point footnote at the bottom of the page. Citations should follow the order of the surname(s) of the author(s) and date of publication (for example, Bozkurt and Gümüş, 2019). Where the name of the author is unavailable, name of the institution should be used instead (e.g. TÜİK, 2021).

• If making reference to an entire work, the reference list should not give the page number(s). In-text citations should not give page number(s) as well unless absolutely necessary.

• Headings and subheadings should be numbered in bold and aligned left (without indentation). Headings should be in bold with all the letters capitalized (all uppercase) while subheadings should be in bold with only initial letters of each major word capitalized (title case). There should be no more than 4 levels of headings.

1. AAAA AAAA

1.1. Aaaa Aaaaa

1.1.1. Aaaa Aaaaa

1.1.2.1. Aaaa Aaaaa

1. INTRODUCTION (All headings should be in 11-point bold font with all letters capitalized).

The main body text of the whole manuscript should be written in 11-point font. The introduction should include basic concepts, theoretical development, and approaches in the current literature related to the relevant study, as well as the research problem, aim, importance, hypotheses, assumptions, limitations, etc. of the study. It should begin on a new page.

2. THEORETICAL/CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK (All headings should be in 11-point bold font with all letters capitalized).

2.1. Subheading (Level 2 Subheading - 11 point, title case, bold)

2.1.1. Subheading (Level 3 Subheading - 11 point, sentence case, bold).

2.1.1.1. Subheading (Level 4 Subheading - 11 point, sentence case, bold, italicized)

Layout for Tables, Figures, Graphs, and Pictures

• Each table, figure, graph, and picture should be given a caption. Caption: above the table, figure, graph or picture, centered, title case, 11-point.

• Tables, figures, graphs, and pictures should appear in relevant parts of the text, numbered consecutively, and centered within the margins

• Tables, figures, graphs, and pictures should fit in the page margins and be clear and legible.

• Captions should be above the tables, figures, graphs, and pictures while sources should be below them.

• Sources below the tables, figures, graphs, and pictures should be in 9-point font and centered.

• Texts within the tables, figures, and graphs should be single-spaced with 0-point spacing both before and after, and in 9-point font. Tables should not have outside borders or inside vertical borders, but only inside horizontal borders. Boldface may be used where highlighting is required in the text.

• Line spacing for both the captions and sources should be 6 pt before and after as in the main body text of the manuscript.

• Footnotes pertaining to tables, figures, and graphs should appear right below the relevant table, figure, or graph, aligned left (without indentation), and in 8-point font.

• In-text citation should be parenthetical in the author-date (surname-year of publication) style. For example, (Gümüş, 2017).

REFERENCES

Each and every in-text citation should have a corresponding Reference List entry at the end of the manuscript. However, works which are not cited within the manuscript cannot appear in the References. References must be written in alphabetical order by the last name of the author(s) regardless of their type (thesis, book, article, report, etc.). If citing multiple works by the same author, the References should list them beginning from the "most recent" one. Indentation for the References: Hanging - 1 cm. The References should be formatted according to the 7th Edition of the APA Publication Manual (https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/references/examples).

Journal Articles

• If a journal article has a DOI, include the DOI in the reference.

• Always include the issue number for a journal article.

•If the journal article does not have a DOI but does have a URL that will resolve for readers (e.g., it is from an online journal that is not part of a database), include the URL of the article at the end of the reference.

Journal article with one author

Parenthetical citation: (Winter, 2011).

Narrative citation: Winter (2011)

Reference list entry: Winter, S. G. (2011). Understanding dynamic capabilities. Strategic Management Journal, 24(10), 991-995. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.318

Journal article with two authors

Parenthetical citation: (Linden and Teece, 2018)

Narrative citation: Linden and Teece (2018)

Reference list entry: Linden, G. and Teece, D. J. (2018). Remarks on Pisano: “Toward a prescriptive theory of dynamic capabilities”. Industrial and Corporate Change, 27(6), December 2018, Pages 1175–1179, https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dty047

Journal article with three or more authors

Parenthetical citation: (Prayag et al., 2016)

Narrative citation: Prayag et al. (2016)Reference list entry:

Prayag, G., Hosany, S., Muskat, B., and Chiappa, G. Del. (2016). Understanding the relationships between tourists’ emotional experiences, perceived overall image, satisfaction, and intention to recommend. Journal of Travel Research, 56(1), 41–54. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287515620567

Journal article with missing information

If the journal does not use volume, issue, and/or article or page numbers, omit the missing element(s) from the reference.

Parenthetical citation: (Butler, 2017; Sanchiz et al., 2017; Stegmeir, 2016)

Narrative citation: Butler (2017), Sanchiz et al. (2017), and Stegmeir (2016)

Missing volume number

Stegmeir, M. (2016). Climate change: New discipline practices promote college access. The Journal of College Admission, (231), 44–47. https://www.nxtbook.com/ygsreprints/NACAC/nacac_jca_spring2016/#/46

Missing issue number

Bastick, Z. (2017). Would you notice if fake news changed your behavior? An experiment on the unconscious effects of disinformation. Computers in Human Behavior, 116, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106633

Missing page numbers

Butler, J. (2017). Where access meets multimodality: The case of ASL music videos. Kairos: A Journal of Rhetoric, Technology, and Pedagogy, 21(1). http://technorhetoric.net/21.1/topoi/butler/index.html

Books

• Provide the author, year of publication, title, and publisher of the book. Use the same format for both print books and e-books.

• Use the copyright date shown on the book’s copyright page as the year of publication in the reference, even if the copyright date is different than the release date.

• Include any edition information in parentheses after the title, without italics.

• If the book includes a DOI, include the DOI in the reference after the publisher name.

• Do not include the publisher location (city/country).

• If the e-book without a DOI has a stable URL that will resolve for readers, include the URL of the book in the reference. Do not include the name of the database in the reference.

• If the e-book is from an academic research database and has no DOI or stable URL, end the book reference after the publisher name. Do not include the name of the database in the reference. The reference in this case is the same as for a print book.

Parenthetical citation: (Ada, 2021).

Narrative citation: Ada (2021)Reference list entry:

Ada, S. (2021). Pandemi sonrası dönemde yeni dijital normal [New digital normal in the post-pandemic era] (2nd ed.). Nobel Kitap. https://doi.org/10.1037/00001xx8-000

Sapolsky, R. M. (2017). Behave: The biology of humans at our best and worst. Penguin Books.

Svendsen, S., and Løber, L. (2020). The big picture/Academic writing: The one-hour guide (3rd digital ed.). Hans Reitzel Forlag. https://thebigpicture-academicwriting.digi.hansreitzel.dk/

• For whole edited books, use the abbreviation “(Ed.)” for one editor and the abbreviation “(Eds.)” for multiple editors after the editor names, followed by a period. In the case of multiple editors, include the role once, after all the names.

Parenthetical citation: (Hygum and Pedersen, 2010; Kesharwani, 2020; Torino et al., 2019)

Narrative citation: Hygum and Pedersen (2010), Kesharwani (2020) and Torino et al. (2019)

Hygum, E., and Pedersen, P. M. (Eds.). (2010). Early childhood education: Values and practices in Denmark. Hans Reitzels Forlag. https://earlychildhoodeducation.digi.hansreitzel.dk/

Kesharwani, P. (Ed.). (2020). Nanotechnology based approaches for tuberculosis treatment. Academic Press.

Torino, G. C., Rivera, D. P., Capodilupo, C. M., Nadal, K. L., and Sue, D. W. (Eds.). (2019). Microaggression theory: Influence and implications. John Wiley and Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119466642

Chapter in an edited book

• Use this format for both print and e-book edited book chapters, including edited book chapters from academic research databases.

• If the chapter has a DOI, include the chapter DOI in the reference after the publisher name.

• Do not include the publisher location (city/country).

• If a chapter without a DOI has a stable URL that will resolve for readers, include the URL of the chapter in the reference. Do not include the name of the database in the reference.

• If the chapter is from an academic research database and has no DOI or stable URL, end the book reference after the publisher name. Do not include the name of the database in the reference. The reference in this case is the same as for a print book chapter.

• Include any edition information in the same parentheses as the page range of the chapter, separated with a comma.

• For book chapters without pagination, omit the page range from the reference.

Parenthetical citation: (Aron et al., 2019; Dillard, 2020; Thestrup, 2010).

Narrative citation: Aron et al. (2019), Dillard (2019), and Thestrup (2020)Reference list entry:

Aron, L., Botella, M., and Lubart, T. (2019). Culinary arts: Talent and their development. In R. F. Subotnik, P. Olszewski-Kubilius, and F. C. Worrell (Eds.), The psychology of high performance: Developing human potential into domain-specific talent (pp. 345–359). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000120-016

Dillard, J. P. (2020). Currents in the study of persuasion. In M. B. Oliver, A. A. Raney, and J. Bryant (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (4th ed., pp. 115–129). Routledge.

Thestrup, K. (2010). To transform, to communicate, to play—The experimenting community in action. In E. Hygum and P. M. Hygum (Eds.), Early childhood education: Values and practices in Denmark. Hans Reitzels Forlag. https://earlychildhoodeducation.digi.hansreitzel.dk/?id=192

• For a reprinted work (a work that has been published in two places at once), provide both years in the in-text citation, separated with a slash, with the earlier year first.

• Provide the title, page range, editor, year of publication, and publisher of the original work in parentheses after the information about the work that you used.

Parenthetical citation: (Bronfenbrenner, 1973/2005).

Narrative citation: Bronfenbrenner (1973/2005)

Reference list entry: Bronfenbrenner, U. (2005). The social ecology of human development: A retrospective conclusion. In U. Bronfenbrenner (Ed.), Making human beings human: Bioecological perspectives on human development (pp. 27–40). SAGE Publications. (Reprinted from Brain and intelligence: The ecology of child development, pp. 113–123, by F. Richardson, Ed., 1973, National Educational Press)

Book or dictionary with no author

Include the title of the work for books, dictionaries or encyclopedias with no author.

Narrative citation: The Australian Oxford dictionary (1999)

Parenthetical citation: (The Australian Oxford dictionary, 1999).

Reference list entry: Australian Oxford dictionary (3rd ed.). (1999). Melbourne: Oxford University Press.

Book by an organization or institution (corporate author)

Parenthetical citation: (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2000).

Narrative citation: Australian Bureau of Statistics (2000)

Reference list entry: Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2000). Population by age and sex, New South Wales, 30 June 2000 (ABS Cat. no. 3235.1). Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Author.

Conference presentations and proceedings

Parenthetical citation: (Kushilevitz and Malkin, 2016).

Narrative citation: Kushilevitz and Malkin (2016)

Reference list entry: Çınar, M., Doğan, D. ve Seferoğlu, S. S. (2015, Şubat). Eğitimde dijital araçlar: Google sınıf uygulaması üzerine bir değerlendirme [Digital tools in education: An evaluation on the Google classroom application]. A paper presented at the Academic Informatics Conference, Anadolu University, Eskişehir. Accessed at http://ab2015.anadolu.edu.tr/index. php?menu=5vesubmenu=27

Conference proceedings published as an edited book chapter

The format for conference proceedings published as an edited book chapter is the same as for edited book chapters.

Parenthetical citation: (Bedenel et al., 2019)

Narrative citation: Bedenel et al., (2019)

Bedenel, A.-L., Jourdan, L., and Biernacki, C. (2019). Probability estimation by an adapted genetic algorithm in web insurance. In R. Battiti, M. Brunato, I. Kotsireas, and P. Pardalos (Eds.), Lecture notes in computer science: Vol. 11353. Learning and intelligent optimization (pp. 225–240). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05348-2_21

Dissertations and Theses

• A dissertation or thesis is considered published when it is available from a database such as ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, PDQT Open, or YÖK TEZ [Turkish Council of Higher Education Thesis Center], an institutional repository, or an archive.

• If the database assigns publication numbers to dissertations and theses, include the publication number in parentheses after the title of the dissertation or thesis without italics.

• Include the description “Doctoral dissertation” or “Master’s thesis” followed by a comma and the name of the institution that awarded the degree. Place this information in square brackets after the dissertation or thesis title and any publication number.

Parenthetical citation: (Crown, 2014).

Narrative citation: Crown (2014)

Reference list entry: Crown, H. S. (2014). Factors influencing customer satisfaction: The relationship between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty (Publication No. 10169573) [Doctoral dissertation, Wilmington University].

• When a dissertation or thesis is unpublished, include the description “[Unpublished doctoral dissertation]” or “[Unpublished master’s thesis]” in square brackets after the dissertation or thesis title.

• In the source element of the reference, provide the name of the institution that awarded the degree.

Parenthetical citation: (Harris, 2014).

Narrative citation: Harris (2014)

Reference list entry: Harris, L. (2014). Instructional leadership perceptions and practices of elementary school leaders [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. University of Virginia.

Magazine articles

• If a magazine article has a DOI, include the DOI in the reference.

•I f the magazine article does not have a DOI and is from an academic research database, end the reference after the page range. Do not include database information in the reference The reference in this case is the same as for a print magazine article.

Newspaper articles

• In the source element of the reference, provide the title of the newspaper in italics.

• If the newspaper article has a URL accessible by readers, include the URL of the article at the end of the reference. If volume, issue, and/or page numbers for the article are missing, omit these elements from the reference.

• If you used a print version of the newspaper article, provide the page or pages of the article after the newspaper title. Do not include the abbreviations “p.” or “pp.” before the page(s).

• If the article is from a news website (e.g., CNN, HuffPost)—one that does not have an associated daily or weekly newspaper—use the format for a webpage on a news website instead.

Parenthetical citation: (Carey, 2019; Harlan, 2013; Stobbe, 2020).

Narrative citation: Carey (2019), Harlan (2013), and Stobbe (2020)Reference list entry:

Carey, B. (2019, March 22). Can we get better at forgetting? The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/22/health/memory-forgetting-psychology.html

Harlan, C. (2013, April 2). North Korea vows to restart shuttered nuclear reactor that can make bomb-grade plutonium. The Washington Post, A1, A4.

Stobbe, M. (2020, January 8). Cancer death rate in U.S. sees largest one-year drop ever. Chicago Tribune.

News websites

• Use the below formatting for references to articles from newspaper websites such as The New York Times or The Washington Post:

• Provide the writer as the author and the specific date the story was published.

• Provide the title of the news story in italics.

• List the name of the news website in the source element of the reference.

• End the reference with the URL.

Parenthetical citation: (Koca, 2019).

Narrative citation: Koca (2019),Reference list entry:

Koca, C. (2019, Ocak 31). Göçün yeniden kavramsallaştırılması [Re-conceptualization of migration]. HuffPost. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/goç-love-watching-horror-movies_l_5d277587e4b02a5a5d57b59e

Webpage on a website with an organizational group author

For a page from an organization’s website without individual authors, use the name of the organization as the author. Provide as specific a date as possible, e.g. the day/month/year format. Italicize the title of the webpage and end the reference with the URL.

Parenthetical citation: (World Health Organization, 2018).

Narrative citation: World Health Organization (2018)Reference list entry:

World Health Organization. (2018, May 24). The top 10 causes of death. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/the-top-10-causes-of-death

NOTE: For further details, visit https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/references/examples.

The Journal is committed to upholding the highest standarts of publication ethics and takes all possible measures against any publication malpratices. Submitting researches by all authors mean that they assured their manuscripts are original and attest that the submitted papers represent their contributions and have not been copied or plagiarized in whole or in part from other works. All submissions will be checked by iThenticate before being sent to reviewers according to the Journal's Zero Tolerance on the Plagiarism Policy